"Molecule/Cell";"Plasmodium strain";"Mouse genetic background (Con)";"Experimental treatment group (EG)";"Lethal infection (Con)";"Lethal infection (EG)";"Pathology (Con)";"Pathology (EG)";"Parasitemia (EG vs Con)";"Additional phenotypes (EG vs Con)";"Refs";"PubMed" "a4 integrin chain";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-a4 integrin";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Falanga et al., 1991, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1679716" "ab T cell";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"ab TCR -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (53%)";"No CM";"Similar";"N.I.";"Boubou et al., 1999, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10464176" "ab T cell";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"b TCR -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Reimer et al., 2010, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19950187" "ab T cell";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"b TCR -/- + adoptive transfer of a mixture of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from WT or Nlrp3-/- mice";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM (33%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Reimer et al., 2010, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19950187" "ABCA1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"DBA/1";"ABCA1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (88%)";"No CM";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); ↓ plasma TNF-a; ↓ ICAM-1, VCAM-1, LFA-1, CD41/CD61 and TNF-a protein in the brain; similar CD40 protein in the brain; ↓ leukocyte sequestration in brain vessels; ↓ plasma HDL cholesterol; ↓ MP production due to ↓ response to vesiculation agonists; ↓ procoagulant activity by MP";"Combes et al., 2005, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15632021" "Apo-AI";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129/Ola x C57BL/6J";"Apo-AI -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (85%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"↓ plasma HDL cholesterol";"Combes et al., 2005, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15632021" "Arachidonic acid";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"fish oil (structural analog of arachidonic acid)";"yes";"yes";"CM (95%)";"CM (31.5%)";"Decreased";"N.I.";"Blok et al., 1992, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1569340" "ASC";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"N.I.";"ASC -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Reimer et al., 2010, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19950187" "B cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"µ-chain -/- (µ-MT )";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (75%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "B cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"JH-gene segment -/- (JHD -/-)";"yes";"yes";"CM (89%)";"CM (26%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"m-BCR -/- (m-MT)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed a chronic low parasitemia (1-10%)";"Similar precursor frequencies of CD4+ T cells able to proliferate in response to malarial antigens; CD4+ T cells were still of a predominant IFN-g (Th1) phenotype at the later stages of infection (no switch toward a IL-4 (Th2) phenotype); parasite clearance after adoptive transfer (in the chronic phase) of B cells which restores the Th2 response";"Langhorne et al., 1998, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9465085" "B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"m-BCR -/- (m-MT)";"no";"25%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed a chronic low parasitemia (1-10%)";"↑ gd T cells in the spleen 35 days p.i.; no ↓ in the % of splenic IFN-g-producing gd T cells 3-4 weeks p.i.; ↓ % of splenic IL-4-producing gd T cells";"Seixas et al., 1999, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10072531" "B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"m-BCR -/- (m-MT)";"no";"30-40 %";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No parasite clearance";"↑ gd T cells and similar Mac-1+ cells in spleen";"Seixas et al., 2002, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11982858" "B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH";"anti-m-chain from birth (no B cells)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed a chronic low parasitemia (~1%)";"No parasite-specific antibodies; no serum antibody of any Ig isotype detected; reconstitution with B cells restored parasite clearance";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1996, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8557367" "B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"m-BCR -/- (m-MT)";"no";"♂ 71 %; ♀ 37 %";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased recrudescences and no parasite clearance in 40 days";"No resistance to a secondary infection; parasite clearance after adoptive transfer (in the chronic phase) of B cells (full clearance) or immune serum (partial clearance) from immune donors; ↑ gd T cells and similar Mac-1+ cells in spleen; gd T cells returned to normal levels after parasite clearance (adoptive transfer of B cells, chloroquine treatment)";"Von der Weid et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8786312" "B cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/cAnN";"anti-m-chain from birth (no B cells)";"10%";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased without clearance";"N.I.";"Weinbaum et al., 1976, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/136472" "B cells/gd T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"m-MT x d -/- TCR";"no";"25%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed a high persistent parasitemia (10-30%)";"N.I.";"Seixas et al., 1999, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10072531" "B cells/gd T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"m-BCR -/- (m-MT) + anti-gd TCR";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak and developed a high, persistent parasitemia (around 20%)";"Anti-gd antibody caused slightly higher peak and significantly higher persistent parasitemia compared to control treated m-MT mice";"Seixas et al., 1999, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10072531" "B cells/IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"JHD-/- (no B cells)";"JHD-/- (no B cells) + anti-IFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Persistent high parasitemia";"N.I.";"Van der heyde et al., 1997, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9030670" "B/C2";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv";"H2-Bf/C2 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Slightly delayed and slightly increased peak";"↑serum IFN-g 6, 8 and 9 days p.i.";"Taylor et al., 2001, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11349051" "b2 integrin (CD18)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"CD18 -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↑ LN cellularity; similar splenomegaly; no significant apoptosis in white pulp (spleen) and LN";"Piguet et al. 2001, Dev Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11785668" "Bcl-2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"over-expression of bcl-2 in myeloid cells (hMRP8-Bcl-2 mice)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"Similar number of TUNEL-positive cells in the brain";"Helmers et al., 2008, Am J Trop Med Hyg";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19052286" "C1q";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv";"C1qa -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Slightly delayed and slightly increased peak";"↑ parasitemia during secondary infection; similar Ab responses during primary infection; ↓ parasite-spec IgG2a 100 days p.i.; ↑ parasite-spec IgM and IgG2a after second challenge (120 days p.i.); ↑serum IFN-g 5, 7 and 9 days p.i.; no difference in IFN-g and IL-4 producing CD4+ T cells or precursor frequenties";"Taylor et al., 2001, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11349051" "C3aR";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129/SvJ x C57BL/6";"C3aR -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Ramos et al., 2011, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21572031" "C3aR/C5aR";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129 x C57BL/6";"C3aR -/- + C5aR -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Ramos et al., 2011, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21572031" "C5";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"C5 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (";"N.I.";"↓ serum TNF and IL-6; ↓ brain CD8+ T cells";"Ramos et al., 2011, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21572031" "C5a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"B10.D2/nSnJ";"anti-C5a";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (25%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Patel et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18426986" "C5a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"12.5% DNA from A/J mice (including the C5 mutant gene) (= BcA76)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (90%)";"Similar";"Slightly reduced CM incidence and survival";"Patel et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18426986" "C5a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"A/J";"12.5% DNA from C57BL/6 mice (including the C5 WT gene) (= AcB55)";"yes";"yes";"Delayed CM";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Accelerated development of CM";"Patel et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18426986" "C5aR";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"B10.D2/nSnJ";"anti-C5aR";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (25%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Patel et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18426986" "C5aR";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129 x C57BL/6";"C5aR -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (~90%)";"CM (~80%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Ramos et al., 2011, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21572031" "C9";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-C9";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (~80%)";"N.I.";"Delayed onset of CM";"Ramos et al., 2011, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21572031" "Caspase-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/S2SvPas";"Casp1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (55%)";"CM (60%)";"Similar";"Similar serum IL-1b 10 days p.i.; similar mRNA expression of TNF-a, IL-6, MCP-1 and MIP-1 in the brain 10 days p.i.";"Labbé et al., 2010, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20876354" "Caspase-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"N.I.";"Caspase-1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Reimer et al., 2010, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19950187" "Caspase-1";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6 x 129/S2SvPas";"Casp1 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar serum IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-10; similar serum IgG1 and IgG2a 21 days p.i.; ↓ serum IL-18 6-7 days p.i.; similar anemia and weight loss; similar production of IFN-g, IL-10 and IL-1b by splenocytes after stimulation with pRBCs";"Labbé et al., 2010, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20876354" "Caspase-12";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Casp12 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (55%)";"CM (90%)";"Similar";"↑ serum IL-1b 10 days p.i.; ↑ mRNA expression of TNF-a, IL-6, MCP-1 and MIP-1 in the brain 10 days p.i.";"Labbé et al., 2010, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20876354" "Caspase-12";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"Casp12 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak and decreased recrudescences";"↓ weight loss at the peak of infection; ↑ serum IFN-g 5-7 days p.i., ↑ serum TNF-a and IL-10 6 days p.i. and ↑ serum IL-18 7 days p.i.; similar serum IgG1 and ↑ IgG2a 21 days p.i.; ↑ production of IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-10 and IL-1b by splenocytes after stimulation with pRBCs for 48h; similar liverpathology 10 days p.i. (serum ALT, liver necrosis and inflammation); similar pro-IL-1b mRNA expression in the spleen 6 days p.i.; ↑ caspase-1 activation in BMDMs after stimulation with pRBCs; similar IkBa and ↑Bcl-xl, cox-2 protein in the spleen 7 days p.i.;";"Labbé et al., 2010, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20876354" "Caspase-12/caspase-1";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"Casp12 -/- + selective caspase-1 inhibitor (YVAD)";"No";"No";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar serum IgG1 and ↑ IgG2a 21 days p.i. (similar compared to untreated infected casp12 -/- mice)";"Labbé et al., 2010, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20876354" "Caspase-12/IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"Casp12 -/- + anti-IFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar serum IgG2a 21 days p.i. (↓ compared to untreated infected casp12 -/- mice)";"Labbé et al., 2010, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20876354" "Caspase-12/IKK";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"Casp12 -/- + IKK inhibitor";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar serum IgG2a 21 days p.i. (↓ compared to untreated infected casp12 -/- mice)";"Labbé et al., 2010, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20876354" "caspases";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"caspase inhibitor (ZVAD-fmk)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"The inhibitor does not cross the BBB, making it difficult to prevent neuronal apoptosis";"Helmers et al., 2008, Am J Trop Med Hyg";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19052286" "caspases";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"caspase inhibitor (ZVAD-fmk)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM(~65 %)";"Similar";"↓ thrombocytopenia and ↓ microparticles in plasma";"Piguet et al., 2002, Apoptosis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11865192" "Catecholamines";"Plasmodium berghei Pasteur";"Swiss -44";"phenoxybenzamine (alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist)";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Protects against pulmonary edema, although significance was not reached";"Cordeiro et al., 1984, Experiencia";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6365585" "CCR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/Ola";"CCR2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (70%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"↓ macrophages, CD4+ T cell, PMN and similar CD8+ T cells in the brain; depletion of CD8+ T cells, but not of CD4+ T cells or PMNs, rescued these mice from CM";"Belnoue et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12761155" "CCR5";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/Ola";"CCR5 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (70-80%)";"CM (20%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-3 weeks); similar anemia; no neurologic symptoms; ↓ leukocyte sequestration in brain; no IFN-g and ↓ TNF-a in serum; ↓ incidence of CM (or ↑ incidence) by adoptive transfer of bone marrow from CCR5 -/- (or WT) into irradiated WT (or CCR5 -/-) mice";"Belnoue et al., 2003, Blood";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12560237" "CCR5";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CCR5 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"CM was delayed for 1 day";"Nitcheu et al., 2003, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574396" "CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-CD11a";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (i.v.0%; i.p.30%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks: late as well as early treatment, no effect if administered when symptoms were evident); no neurological symptoms; ↑ protection when administered i.v. compared to i.p.; similar mononuclear cell sequestration in the brain (WT: sequestering cells are almost all monocytes or mononuclear phagocytes, only very few T, B cells or neutrophils were observed)";"Falanga et al., 1991, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1679716" "CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-CD11a";"yes";"70% (at the end of observation week 4)";"CM (85%)";"CM (10%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks: late as well as early treatment, no effect if administered when symptoms are evident); no neurological symptoms; ↓ serum TNF-a; similar mononuclear cell sequestration in the brain";"Grau et al., 1991, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1679717" "CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J";"anti-CD11a";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"↓ platelet sequestration in brain and similar platelet sequestration in lung";"Grau et al., 1993, Eur Cytokine Netw";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7910490" "CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"LFA1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (20%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Ramos et al., 2012, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22882618" "CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-CD11a";"yes";"yes";"CM (85-90%)";"N.I.";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks: late as well as early treatment); no neurological symptoms; no vascular permeability in brain and ↓vascular permeability in lungs; ↓ mononuclear cell sequestration in brain and lungs; ↓ (brain) and similar (lungs) platelet accumulation; similar microhemorrhages in the brain; ↓ myeloperoxidase activity (neutrophil enzyme) in lungs; similar liver pathology; ↓injected aggregated albumin localization in brain and lungs";"Senaldi et al., 1994, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8132319" "CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1, CR3)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-CD11b";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Falanga et al., 1991, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1679716" "CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1, CR3)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-CD11b";"yes";"yes";"CM (85%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Grau et al., 1991, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1679717" "CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1, CR3)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J";"anti-CD11b";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"N.I.";"Similar platelet sequestration in brain and lung";"Grau et al., 1993, Eur Cytokine Netw";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7910490" "CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1, CR3)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CR3 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (~90%)";"CM (~80%)";"Increased";"N.I.";"Ramos et al., 2012, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22882618" "CD11c/CD18 (CR4)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CR4 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (~80%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Ramos et al., 2012, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22882618" "CD11d/CD18";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"aD -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (~75%)";"CM (~50%)";"Similar";"Similar anemia; ↓ serum IL-12p40";"Miyazaki et al., 2007, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18097061" "CD134L";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD134L (anti-OX89)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Less severe weight loss and hypothermia; ↓ serum levels (in vivo) and production of IFN-g and TNF-a by splenocytes (in vitro)";"Franklin et al., 2007, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537666" "CD14";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD14";"yes";"no (at the end of observation day 10)";"CM (80% at the end of observation day 10)";"No CM (at the end of observation day 10)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Srivastava et al., 2010, PLoS ONE";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20454664" "CD14";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CD14 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "CD14";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"CD14 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar hypothermia and weight loss during peak parasitemia; similar TNF-a, IFN-g and MCP-1 production by splenocytes 8 days p.i.; similar serum levels of TNF-a, IFN-g and MCP-1 8 days p.i.";"Franklin et al., 2007, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537666" "CD1d-restricted NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"CD1d -/-";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"N.I.";"Similar serum GPT (ALT) and liver injury";"Adachi et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11698470" "CD1d-restricted NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"CD1d -/-";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"N.I.";"Similar liver injury; similar ↑ in hepatic CD3+NK1.1+ and CD3+DX5+ cells; similar cytotoxicity by hepatic lymphocytes (↑ cytotoxicity by DX5+ enriched cells) against hepatocytes was abrogated after depletion of DX5+ lymphocytes (= DX5+CD1d-unresctricted NKT cells)";"Adachi et al., 2004, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15096477" "CD36";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/Sv";"CD36 -/- chimeras";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (75%)";"Similar";"25 % of CD36 -/- chimeras expressing only CD36 in hematopoietic cells had a prolonged survival (2-3 weeks) without neurological symptoms";"Cunha-Rodrigues et al., 2007, Malar J";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17367535" "CD36";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/Sv";"CD36 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Slightly decreased";"Similar neurologic symptoms; ↓ schizont sequestration in adipose and lung tissue; no schizont sequestration in brain (similar to WT); ↑ parasite accumulation in spleen (↑ pRBC clearance?); ↑ number of schizonts in peripheral blood";"Franke-Fayard et al., 2005, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16051702" "CD36";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CD36 -/-";"yes";"yes";"ALI, CM (100%)";"↓ ALI, CM (100%)";"Similar";"↓ lung pathology: ↓ IgM in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid";"Lovegrove et al., 2008, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18483551" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD4 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"No neurological symptoms; prolonged survival";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD4 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Belnoue et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12761155" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129P2Sv/Ev";"anti-CD4 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (60-100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Belnoue et al., 2008, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18665903" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CD4 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (53%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Boubou et al., 1999, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10464176" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca, CBA/J";"CD4+ T cells from mice with CM (LN derived)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"More severe brain hemorrhages and earlier mortality when mice received CD4+ T cells from mice dying of CM than from normal mice";"Grau et al., 1986, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3093572" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J, CBA/Ca";"anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"CM (79%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"No neurological symptoms; prolonged survival (~ 2 weeks); ↓ serum TNF-a";"Grau et al., 1987, Science";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3306918" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD4 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (94%)";"CM (50%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD4 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (87,5%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"No neurological symptoms; prolonged survival";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD4 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (67%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"No neurological symptoms; prolonged survival (~2 weeks)";"Yañez et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9864254" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD4 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (67%)";"CM (67%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9864254" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD4 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (91%)";"CM (5%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/10";"anti-CD4 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (75%)";"CM (25%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD4 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (91%)";"CM (0-12%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"CBA/JNCrj";"anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"No prolonged survival";"Waki et al., 1992, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1350570" "CD4";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA/JNCrj";"anti-CD4";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased";"No resistance to P. berghei NK65 challenge infection";"Waki et al., 1992, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1350570" "CD4";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD4";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No parasite clearance in 28 days";"Less severe weight loss and hypothermia; ↓ serum levels (in vivo) and production of IFN-g and TNF-a by splenocytes (in vitro); TNF-a serum levels and production by splenocytes remained elevated 4 weeks p.i.";"Franklin et al., 2007, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537666" "CD4";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD4";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No detectable serum IFN-g";"Meding et al., 1990, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1977706" "CD4";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6NCrlBR";"anti-CD4";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak and developed a high, persistent parasitemia";"High, persistent parasitemia coincided with the high level of reticulocytosis";"Podoba et al., 1991, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1898902" "CD4";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD4";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak and developed a high, persistent parasitemia";"Similar parasite-specific IgM early during infection and no IgG; high, persistent parasitemia coincided with the high level of reticulocytosis";"Süss et al., 1988, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2903123" "CD4";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD4";"no";"yes (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Additional therapeutic blockade of PD-L1 and LAG-3 did not improve parasite clearance";"Butler et al., 2012, Nat Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22157630" "CD4";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"CBA/CaJ";"anti-CD4";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No parasite clearance";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD25 (day -1)";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (20%)";"Reduced on days 5-7";"similar results as with anti-CD25 treatment 1 day before infection (see above), thus the protective effect is probably mediated by natural Treg cells and not by inducible Treg cells (although the latter might contribute as well)";"Amante et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 17600128" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD25 (day -14)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Reduced on day 5";"Prolonged survival (2 weeks) (possible effect of inducible Treg cells??); no neurological symptoms; parasite burden is much higher than estimated by blood smears due to accumulation of parasites in peripheral tissue and vasculature; parasite burden greatly (~10-fold) decreased by anti-CD25; Brain: ↓ pRBC accumulation; similar VCAM-1 and ICAM-1; ↓ CD8+ T cells, ↑ number of macrophages and similar CD4+ T, B, NK, NKT cells, PMN, DC and microglia; similar CD69+CD4+ cells; ↓ CD69+CD8+ T cells; Spleen:↑ CD69+CD4+ and CD69+CD8+ T cells; ↑ IFN-g+ CD4+ and similar IFN-g+CD8+ cells (day 5); similar IFN-g and IL-10 mRNA (day 5); Lymph nodes: CD69+CD4+ and CD69+CD8+ T cells; Blood: ↓ CD69+CD4+ cells; ↓ CD69+CD8+ T cells (no difference between CD69+CD25+ and CD69+CD25- T cells → no depletion of activated CD25+CD4+ or CD25+ CD8+ T cells); ↑ MCP-1, ↓ IL-10 and similar TNF-a and IL-6 (day 5)";"Amante et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 17600128" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD25 (day 4)";"yes";"yes";"CM (80 %)";"CM (20%)";"Similar";"Therapeutic potential of anti-CD25 treatment was lost when initiated after the onset of neurological symptoms";"Amante et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 17600128" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"anti-CD25 (day -2 and -6h)";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"CM (20%)";"Similar";"↑ splenic CD4+ T cell proliferation and IL-2 production; ↑ parasite-specific T cell proliferation; similar IL-4 and ↑ IFN-g production by splenic T cells; when challenged with a secondary infection, parasitemia was decreased and mortality by CM increased (up to 80 %)";"Nie et al., 2007, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17325053" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD25 (day -14)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (10%)";"Reduced total parasite burden";"Prolonged survival (2 weeks); no neurological symptoms";"Randall et al., 2008, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18474652" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA";"anti-CD25 (day -14)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Reduced total parasite burden";"Prolonged survival (2 weeks); no neurological symptoms";"Randall et al., 2008, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18474652" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD25 (day -30)";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"CM (70%)";"Similar";"50% Foxp3+CD4+ cells on day 0 remain";"Vigário et al., 2007, Int J Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17350019" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD25 (day - 1 and day 1)";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"No CM";"Increased on day 7";"Inactivation of both regulatory and effector T cells";"Vigário et al., 2007, Int J Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17350019" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami DK";"BALB/c";"anti-CD25 (day -1 and +1)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"↑ CD4+FOXP3-CD69+, ↓ CD4+FOXP3-CD25+ and similar CD4-CD69+ lymphocytes in spleen; ↑ parasite-specific IL-2 and similar IFN-g response by CD4+ T cells (in vitro); ↑ IFN-g and similar IL-2 response by CD4+ T cells after stimulation with anti-CD3 (in vitro); similar TNF-a, IFN-g and ↑ IL-10 production by unstimulated CD90- (Thy-1-) splenocytes and ↑ IFN-g prodyction by unstimulated CD4+ cells (in vitro); ↑ anemia";"Cambos et al., 2008, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17868677" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami DS";"BALB/c";"anti-CD25 (day -1 and +1)";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased on day 7";"Earlier death (1 day); ↑ morbidity; ↓ CD4+FOXP3-CD25+ and similar CD4+FOXP3-CD69+ and CD4-CD69+ lymphocytes in spleen; ↑ parasite-specific IFN-g and similar IL-2 response by CD4+ T cells (in vitro); ↑ IFN-g and similar IL-2 response by CD4+ T cells after stimulation with anti-CD3 (in vitro); ↑ TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 production by unstimulated CD90- (Thy-1-) splenocytes and ↑ IFN-g production by unstimulated CD4+ cells (in vitro) ; ↑ anemia";"Cambos et al., 2008, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17868677" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"BALB/c";"anti-CD25 (day -3, -1 and 5)";"yes";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed 2 waves of parasitemia and cleared infection";"↑ proliferative response of splenocytes after stimulation with pRBC (in vitro)";"Hisaeda et al., 2004, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14702631" "CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c";"anti-CD25 (day -3, -1 and 5)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hisaeda et al., 2004, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14702631" "CD4+CD25+T cells";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"BALB/c";"anti-CD25 (day -3, -1 and 5)";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed (1 day)";"N.I.";"Long et al., 2003, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12633655" "CD4/CD8";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD4 and anti-CD8";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak and developed a high, persistent parasitemia";"Similar parasite-specific IgM early during infection and no IgG";"Süss et al., 1988, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2903123" "CD4/CD8";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"CBA/CaJ";"anti-CD4 + adoptive transfer of immune CD8+ splenocytes";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No parasite clearance";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "CD4/CD8/B cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"CBA/CaJ";"anti-CD4 + adoptive transfer of immune CD8+ and B+ splenocytes";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No parasite clearance";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "CD40";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CD40 -/-";"yes";"no (at the end of observation day 12)";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (›day 12); ↓ thrombocytopenia and hypothermia; Brain: ↓ macrophage sequestration; no edema; ↑ TNF-a and ↓ ICAM-1 mRNA expression; Lung: ↓ macrophage sequestration; similar sequestration of pRBCs, PMNs and platelets; no edema; % pRBCs alveolar capillaries › % pRBCs in large blood vessels (similar to WT); ↑ TNF-a and ↓ ICAM-1; Spleen: similar splenomegaly, TNF-a and ↓ ICAM-1 mRNA expression";"Piguet et al., 2001, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11485931" "CD40L";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CD40L -/-";"yes";"no (at the end of observation day 12)";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (›day 12); ↓ thrombocytopenia and hypothermia; Brain: ↓ macrophage sequestration; ↓ TNF-a and ICAM-1 mRNA expression; ↑ TNF-a and ICAM-1 mRNA expression; Spleen: ↓ splenomegaly; ↑ TNF-a and ICAM-1 mRNA expression";"Piguet et al., 2001, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11485931" "CD40L";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD40L";"yes";"N.I.";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"Similar";"↓ thrombocytopenia and hypothermia; some mice had ↓ macrophage sequestration in brain whereas other mice had ↑ macrophage and lymphocyte sequestration";"Piguet et al., 2001, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11485931" "CD40L";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD40L";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ thrombocytopenia and ↓ microparticles in plasma";"Piguet et al., 2002, Apoptosis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11865192" "CD41/CD61 (gpIIb/IIIa)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD41 (early treatment)";"yes";"9% (at the end of observation day 12)";"CM (100%)";"CM (9%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival; ↓ CD41+ platelets in circulation";"Sun et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14573677" "CD41/CD61 (gpIIb/IIIa)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD41 (early treatment)";"yes";"12,5% (at the end of observation day 14)";"CM (100%)";"CM (12,5%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (not with late treatment); ↓ CD41+CD61+, CD41-CD61+ and similar CD41-CD61- platelets in circulation; ↑ plasma IL-10, IL-1a, IL-6, IFN-g, TNF-a, fibrinogen,↓ plasma IL-2 and similar plasma factor VII, TF and vWF";"Van der Heyde et al., 2005, Blood";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15494426" "CD41/CD61 (gpIIb/IIIa)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD61 (early treatment)";"yes";"60% (at the end of observation day 14)";"CM (100%)";"CM (60%)";"Similar";"↓ CD41+CD61+, CD41+CD61- and similar CD41-CD61- platelets in circulation";"Van der Heyde et al., 2005, Blood";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15494426" "CD54 (ICAM-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-ICAM-1";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Falanga et al., 1991, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1679716" "CD54 (ICAM-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"ICAM-1-/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (20%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-3 weeks); no neurologic symptoms; ↑ blood leukocytes and ↓ thrombocytopenia; ↓ serum TNF-a, similar serum IFN-g and NO3-; ↑ TNF-a mRNA expression in brain, similar TNF-a mRNA expression in lungs and spleen; similar VCAM expression in brain capillaries; similar macrophage accumulation in brain; ↓ macrophage, pRBC and similar PMN, platelet accumulation in lung";"Favre et al., 1999, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10617927" "CD54 (ICAM-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-ICAM-1";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"Toxicity or CM";"Similar";"Earlier death (hours after antibody injection)";"Grau et al., 1991, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1679717" "CD54 (ICAM-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"soluble ICAM-1";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (days)";"Grau et al., 1991, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1679717" "CD54 (ICAM-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"ICAM-1-/-";"yes";"33% (at the end of observation day 14)";"CM (100%)";"CM (33%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-3 weeks); similar leukocyte rolling and adhesion in brain microvasculature;";"Li et al., 2003, J Investig Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12769195" "CD54 (ICAM-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"ICAM-1-/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"% pRBCs alveolar capillaries = % pRBCs in large blood vessels of lung (in contrast to WT)";"Piguet et al., 2001, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11485931" "CD54 (ICAM-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"ICAM-1-/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ platelet rolling and adhesion in brain microvasculature";"Sun et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14573677" "CD62L (L-selectin, LECAM-1)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-L-selectin";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Falanga et al., 1991, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1679716" "CD62P (P-selectin)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"P-selectin -/-";"yes";"80% (at the end of observation day 14)";"CM (100%)";"CM (80%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (days); ↓leukocyte rolling and similar adhesion on the brain endothelium (also in uninfected P-selectin deficient mice compared to uninfected WT mice)";"Chang et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12654808" "CD62P (P-selectin)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/Sv";"P-selectin -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"CM (4.5 %)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks); no neurological symptoms; similar platelet and leukocyte sequestration in brain vessels; chimeric mice lacking endothelial P-selectin were protected whereas chimeric mice lacking platelet P-selectin showed symptoms of CM (57.1 %)";"Combes et al., 2004, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14982832" "CD62P (P-selectin)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J";"anti-P-selectin";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (90%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Combes et al., 2004, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14982832" "CD62P (P-selectin)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"P-selectin -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar thrombocytopenia";"Sun et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14573677" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); both early and late (prior to the onset of neurological symptoms) treatment inhibited CM";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD8 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks)";"Belnoue et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12761155" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129P2Sv/Ev";"anti-CD8 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (60-100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Belnoue et al., 2008, Parasite Immunol.";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18665903" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"CD8 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (53%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Boubou et al., 1999, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10464176" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"Similar";"↓ Evans Blue leakage in brain, lungs, kidneys and heart; ↓ edema in brain, lungs and kidneys; no cracked skull; ↓ serum lactate, HCO3- and glutamate (similar to uninfected mice); ↑ blood pH (similar to normal); similar mean arterial blood flow; ↑ cardiac output (similar to uninfected mice)";"Chang et al., 2001, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11705906" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Delayed";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); both early and late (prior to the onset of neurological symptoms) treatment inhibited CM; no neurological or respiratory symptoms";"Egima et al., 2007, Malar J";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17620126" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD8 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (94%)";"No CM";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); both early and late (prior to the onset of neurological symptoms) treatment inhibited CM";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"No CM";"Transiently decreased 72 h post treatment";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks) when treated on the onset of CM; temporary improvement of clinical score; ↓ sequestration of pRBC that are transgenic for a luciferase gene";"Randall et al., 2008, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18474652" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA";"anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (30%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks) when treated on the onset of CM; stabilization of clinical score; ↓ sequestration of pRBC that are transgenic for a luciferase gene";"Randall et al., 2008, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18474652" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD8 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks)";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD8 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (67%)";"No CM";"Similar";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9864254" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD8 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (67%)";"CM (67%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9864254" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD8 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (91%)";"CM (8%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD8 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (91%)";"CM (0-25%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/10";"anti-CD8 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (75%)";"CM (25%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6J";"anti-CD8 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"MA-ARDS (90%)";"Attenuated MA-ARDS";"N.I.";"↓ lung weight, alveolar edema and cellular infiltration";"Van den Steen et al., 2010, Am J Crit Care Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20093644" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"CBA/JNCrj";"anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks)";"Waki et al., 1992, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1350570" "CD8";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA/JNCrj";"anti-CD8";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Resistant to P. berghei NK65 challenge infection";"Waki et al., 1992, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1350570" "CD8";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD8";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ serum IFN-g";"Meding et al., 1990, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1977706" "CD8";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6NCrlBR";"anti-CD8";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar peak and developed 2 major recrudescences";"The 2 major recrudescendes coincided with the ↑ level of reticulocytosis, which returned to normal level when the parasites were cleared from the circulation";"Podoba et al., 1991, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1898902" "CD8";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD8";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Slightly increased peak";"Similar parasite-specific IgM and IgG";"Süss et al., 1988, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2903123" "CD8";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6";"anti-CD8";"no";"yes (~20%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Butler et al., 2012, Nat Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22157630" "CD8";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c";"anti-CD8";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "CD8+ T cell/CD1d-restricted NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"b2 microglobuline -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar on day 5";"Prolonged survival (days)";"Nie et al., 2009, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19343215" "CD8+ T cell/CD1d-restricted NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"b2 microglobuline -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (94%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "CD8+ T cell/CD1d-restricted NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6";"b2 microglobuline -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Plasma IFN-g and splenic IFN-g mRNA expression 24h p.i. was abrogated";"Mitchell et al., 2005, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16113282" "CD8+ T cell/CD1d-restricted NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"b2 microglobuline -/-";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"N.I.";"Similar liver injury, serum ALT levels, hepatic DX5+CD3+ cells; similar cytotoxicity by hepatic lymphocytes against hepatocytes";"Adachi et al., 2004, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15096477" "CD8+ T cell/CD1d-restricted NKT cells/IP-10";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"b2 microglobuline -/- + anti-IP-10";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased on day 5";"Prolonged survival (days)";"Nie et al., 2009, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19343215" "CD80";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH";"anti-CD80";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar IFN-g and IL-4 production by splenic T cells in vitro; similar IgG1 and similar IgG2a";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1999, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10233733" "CD80/CD86";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH";"anti-CD80 and anti-CD86";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak and developed a chronic, low parasitemia (~1%)";"↑ IFN-g production by splenic T cells in vitro compared to anti-CD86 treatment alone, ↓ IL-4 production by splenic T cells in vitro; ↓ IgG1";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1999, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10233733" "CD86";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH";"anti-CD86";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed a chronic low parasitemia (~1%)";"↑ IFN-g and abrogation of IL-4 production by splenic T cells in vitro; ↓ IgG1 and similar IgG2a";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1999, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10233733" "Class A type I and II macrophage scavenger receptors";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"SR-AI/II -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar phagocytosis of pRBCs and free merozoites by peritoneal macrophages";"Su et al., 2002, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12402202" "COX-1/2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"ICR";"COX1/COX2 inhibitor (aspirin)";"yes";"yes";"CM (85%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Slightly earlier death; similar mRNA expression of 5-lipoxygenase in brain and spleen; mRNA of phospholipase A2 similar in brain and ↑ on day 12 in spleen; mRNA expression of COX-1 and COX-2 was similar in spleen and ↓ in brain 7 days p.i.; ↑ serum leukotriene B4 levels";"Xiao et al., 1999, Am J Trop Med Hyg";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10348246" "COX-1/2";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"non-selective COX-1/2 inhibitor (indomethacin)";"yes";"yes";"CM (58%)";"CM (62%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Blok et al., 1992, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1569340" "COX-2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA";"selective COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib)";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"Similar";"Earlier death (~days); earlier onset of cerebral symptoms (eg. edema, seizures);↓ bicycle-PGE2 level in brain (not in uninfected treated mice); similar brain mRNA expression of IL-10, 5-lipoxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP)";"Ball et al., 2004, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14767831" "COX-2";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"CBA";"selective COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib)";"yes";"yes";"HP&A";"HP&A";"Similar";"No induction of cerebral symptoms, similar progression of infection";"Ball et al., 2004, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14767831" "CRP";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"CRP-tg";"yes";"N.I.";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Decreased";"N.I.";"Aggrey et al., 2013, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23536632" "CRP";"Plasmodium yoelii";"C57BL/6J";"CRP-tg";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased";"N.I.";"Aggrey et al., 2013, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23536632" "CTLA-4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-CTLA-4";"yes";"yes";"CM (~30%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"↑ numbers of CD8+ T cells in the brain; ↑ frequency of brain petechial hemorrhages; ↑ proportion of vessels plugged with iRBCs; ↑ numbers of pigmented (parasite-containing) macrophages in the liver; ↑ whole body, head and isolated brain parasite burdens (↑ bioluminescence of luciferase-expressing parasites); ↑ proportion of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the spleen; ↑ plasma IFN-g, TNF, IL-6, IL-10 and MCP-1/CCL2; ↑ secretion of IFN-g and IL-10 by stimulated CD4+ T cells and ↑ IFN-g secretion by stimulated CD8+ T cells;";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "CTLA-4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CTLA-4";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Earlier death (~2 weeks); ↑ weight loss; induction of neurological symptoms; no ↓ CD4+ T cells in spleen 5 days p.i.; ↑ spontaneous and anti-CD3 induced proliferation of spleen cells taken on day 5 p.i. But not from day 8 p.i.; similar IFN-g and ↑ NO production by anti-CD3 stimulated spleen cells 8 days p.i.; ↑ pathology and hemozoin deposition in liver";"Jacobs et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12193697" "CTLA-4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CTLA-4";"yes";"yes";"Moderate liver pathology";"↑ Liver pathology";"Similar";"↑ serum ALT and AST; ↑ weight loss; ↑ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and similar gd T cells in liver parenchyma 8 days p.i.; ↑ and similar number of IFN-g producing cells in liver and spleen, respectively; similar and ↑ proliferation of liver and spleen cells, respectively";"Jacobs et al., 2004, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15048707" "CTLA-4";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"BALB/c";"anti-CTLA-4 (day 0)";"30%";"70%";"N.I.";"Liver pathology";"Similar";"↑ serum ALT and AST levels (↑ liver pathology); ↑ weight loss; ↑ % CD25+ CD4+, CD62Llow CD4+ and CD69+ CD4+ T cells in spleen; similar IL-12p40 and ↑ IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-4 and IL-10 in serum";"Lepenies et al., 2007, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17398134" "CTLA-4";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c";"anti-CTLA-4 (day 0)";"20%";"30%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak and earlier clearance";"Similar serum ALT and AST levels; similar body weight; ↑ % CD25+ CD4+, CD62Llow CD4+ and CD69+CD4+ T cells in spleen; similar IL-12p40 and TNF-a and ↑ IFN-g, IL-4 and IL-10 in serum";"Lepenies et al., 2007, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17398134" "CTLA-4/CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-CTLA-4 + anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"CM (~30%)";"CM (% depended on the time of administration)";"N.I.";"Early CD4 depletion delayed the onset of CM";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "CTLA-4/CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CTLA-4 + anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Jacobs et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12193697" "CTLA-4/CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-CTLA-4 + anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"CM (~30%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "CTLA-4/IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-CTLA-4 + anti-IFN-g";"yes";"yes";"CM (~30%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "CTLA-4/TNF";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-CTLA-4 + anti-TNF";"yes";"yes";"CM (~30%)";"CM (~80%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "CXCL10 (IP-10)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CXCL10 -/-";"90% (at the end of observation day 20)";"40% (at the end of observation day 20)";"CM (90%)";"CM (40%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Campanella et al., 2008, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18347328" "CXCL10 (IP-10)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CXCL10 -/-";"yes";"5% (at the end of observation day 20)";"CM (100%)";"CM (5%)";"Decreased";"Prolonged survival (at least until day 20); no neurological symptoms; ↓ blood vessels with intravascular inflammation; ↓ pRBC, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell sequestration (similar NK cells); similar ICAM-1+ blood vessels; ↑ parasite-specific proliferation and IFN-g production by CD4+ T cells; ↑ number of CXCR3+/IFN-g+CD4+ and CXCR3+/IFN-g+CD8+ T cells in spleen; ↓ IFN-g in serum; anti-IFN-g treatment had no effect on reduced parasitemia";"Nie et al., 2009, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19343215" "CXCL10 (IP-10)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CXCL10 (d3-9)";"yes";"20% (at the end of observation day 20)";"CM (100%)";"CM (20%)";"Decreased on day 5";"Prolonged survival (at least until day 20); no neurological symptoms; ↓ blood vessels with intravascular inflammation; similar pRBC sequestration and ↓ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (similar NK cells); majority of brain infiltrating T cells were CXCR3+ and CCR5-, indicating that other CXCR3 chemokines (MIG and I-TAC) can still recruit CXCR3+ T cells to the brain; similar expression of CD25 and CD69 activation markers in brain sequestering T cells and cells could still migrate to recombinant IP-10 in a chemotaxis assay; ↑ parasite-specific proliferation of CD4+ T cells; similar number of CXCR3+/IFN-g+CD4+ and CXCR3+/IFN-g+CD8+ T cells in spleen";"Nie et al., 2009, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19343215" "CXCL10 (IP-10)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-CXCL10 (d5-9)";"yes";"50% (at the end of observation day 17)";"CM (100%)";"CM (50%)";"N.I.";"Prolonged survival (at least until day 17); no neurological symptoms";"Nie et al., 2009, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19343215" "CXCL12 (SDF-1a)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"SDF-1a";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased";"N.I.";"Garnica et al., 2002, Immunol lett";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12057854" "CXCL12 (SDF-1a)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"SDF-1a";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased";"N.I.";"Garnica et al., 2002, Immunol lett";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12057854" "CXCL12 (SDF-1a)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"SDF-1a";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased";"Similar number of CD11c+ cells in the bone marrow 14 days p.i.; ↑ numbers of cd11c+CD8a+ and CD11c+CD11b+ cells in the spleen 14 days p.i.; induction of periarteriolar CD11c clustering in the spleen";"Garnica et al., 2005, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15946257" "CXCL4 (PF-4)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"PF-4 -/-";"70% (at the end of observation day 10)";"30% (at the end of observation day 10)";"CM (70%)";"CM (30%)";"Similar";"No neurological symptoms; no ↑ plasma TNF-a or IFN-g 5 days p.i.; no ↑ CXCR3 expression by splenocyt-derived T cells; no↑ number of CD4+ or CD8+ T cells in brain";"Srivastava et al., 2008, Cell Host Microbe";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692777" "CXCL4 (PF-4)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"PF4 -/-";"rPF-4";"30% (at the end of observation day 10)";"80% (at the end of observation day 10)";"CM (30%)";"CM (80%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Srivastava et al., 2008, Cell Host Microbe";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692777" "CXCL4 (PF-4)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"PF-4 -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ KLF4 expression in monocytes; ↓ monocytes in brain during CM";"Srivastava et al., 2010, PLoS ONE";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20454664" "CXCL9 (MIG)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CXCL9 -/-";"90% (at the end of observation day 20)";"40% (at the end of observation day 20)";"CM (90%)";"CM (40%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Campanella et al., 2008, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18347328" "CXCR3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CXCR3 -/-";"90% (at the end of observation day 23)";"10-30% (at the end of observation day 23)";"CM (90%)";"CM (10-30%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1–3 weeks); no neurological symptoms; ↓ CD8+ T cells and NK cells and similar NKT cells in the brain; ↓ CXCL9 (MIG), CXCL10 (IP-10), CCL5 (RANTES), CCL2 (MCP-1) and IFN-g expression in the brain";"Campanella et al., 2008, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18347328" "CXCR3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CXCR3 -/-";"adoptive transfer of in vivo activated WT splenocytes or CD8+ T cells (day 0)";"30% (at the end of observation day 20)";"70-90% (at the end of observation day 20)";"CM (30%)";"CM (70-90%)";"N.I.";"↑ number of WT (adoptively transferred) and CXCR3 -/- (own) CD8+ T cells in brain at the CM stage; ↑ IP-10, MIG, RANTES, MCP-1 and IFN-g mRNA expression in brain (similar to WT mice)";"Campanella et al., 2008, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18347328" "CXCR3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"in vitro activated WT and CXCR3 -/- effector CD8+ T cells (day 5)";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"N.I.";"Similar number of WT and CXCR3 -/- cells in spleen and ↓ number of CXCR3 -/- cells in brain after competitive (co)transfer in WT mice";"Campanella et al., 2008, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18347328" "CXCR3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CXCR3 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (32%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1–3 weeks); no neurological symptoms or recovered from neurological symptoms; ↓ CXCL9 (MIG), CXCL10 (IP-10) and CCL5 (RANTES) mRNA expression in the brain; ↓ sequestered CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells, similar NK, NKT and CD11b+ cells in the brain; ↓ IP-10, perforin, FasL, IFN-g and LT-a and similar ICAM-1 mRNA expression in the brain; similar IFN-g mRNA expression in the spleen";"Miu et al., 2008, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18178862" "CXCR3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CXCR3 -/-";"adoptive transfer of in vivo activated WT splenocytes or CD8+ T cells (day 0)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (70%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Miu et al., 2008, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18178862" "CXCR3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CXCR3 -/-";"70% (at the end of observation day 10)";"no (at the end of observation day 10)";"CM (70%)";"None (at the end of observation day 10)";"N.I.";"No neurological symptoms; no ↑ plasma TNF-a or IFN-g 5 days p.i.; no↑ number of CD4+ or CD8+ T cells in brain";"Srivastava et al., 2008, Cell Host Microbe";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692777" "CXCR4";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi CR";"C57BL/6";"CXCR4 antagonist";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased recrudescences";"N.I.";"Garnica et al., 2002, Immunol lett";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12057854" "Cystamine (CysH)";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"+ cystamine hydrochloride (prophylactic treatment)";"yes (100%)";"♂ yes (~60%); ♀ yes (~25%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased";"N.I.";"Min-Oo et al., 2010, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20219464" "Cysteamine (CysH)";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"+ cysteamine hydrochloride";"No";"No";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased on days 5-7";"Antimalarial effect is less strong compared to known antimalarial drugs";"Min-Oo et al., 2010, Antimicrob Agents Chemother";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20479197" "Cysteamine (CysH)";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"+ cysteamine hydrochloride + a suboptimal dose of artesunate";"No";"No";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak, no recrudescences";"Synergistic antimalarial effect; ↓ disease symptoms";"Min-Oo et al., 2010, Antimicrob Agents Chemother";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20479197" "Cysteamine (CysH)";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"+ cysteamine hydrochloride + a suboptimal dose of artesunate or dihydroartemisinin";"yes";"No";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased";"Dose-dependent synergistic antimalarial effect; dose-dependent effect on survival; ↓ disease symptoms";"Min-Oo et al., 2010, Antimicrob Agents Chemother";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20479197" "Cysteamine (CysH)";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"+ cysteamine hydrochloride (prophylactic treatment)";"yes (100%)";"yes (20%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased";"Dose-dependent antimalarial effect; dose-dependent effect on survival";"Min-Oo et al., 2010, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20219464" "Cysteamine (CysH)";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"+ cysteamine hydrochloride (therapeutic treatment)";"♂ yes (100%); ♀ yes (35%)";"♂ yes (33-65%); ♀ yes (65-0%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased";"The antimalarial effect and the effect on survival deminished when the onset of treatment was delayed; delayed ↑ of serum IFN-g and CCL2 (MCP-1) levels, ↓ serum CCL5 (RANTES) levels on d7 p.i., and similar serum levels of TNF, CCL4 (MIP-1b) and IL-10";"Min-Oo et al., 2010, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20219464" "Cytidine deaminase AID (Aicda)/Ig heavy chain µ-secretory domein";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6";"Aicda -/- (mature B cells which produce IgM, but they cannot undergo isotype switching or secrete Abs)";"no";"yes (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Therapeutic blockade of PD-L1 and LAG-3 did not improve parasite clearance";"Butler et al., 2012, Nat Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22157630" "EPO";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"rHuEpo";"yes";"yes";"CM";"less CM";"N.I.";"Improved survival; reversed clinical symptoms of CM; reduced brain hypoxia";"Hempel et al., 2011, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21854739" "EPO";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J";"rHuEpo";"yes";"yes";"CM (93%)";"CM (40%)";"Similar";"Similar body weight loss and anemia; ↓ number of ring hemorrhages in the brain; ↓ and delayed TNF and IFN-g and similar caspase-3, caspase-8, TNFR1, TNFR2 and IFN-gR mRNA expression in the brain; similar blood NO levels";"Kaiser et al., 2006, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16518761" "EPO";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"rHuEpo";"yes";"% depended on the time and dose of administration";"CM (93%)";"CM (% depended on the time and dose of administration)";"Similar";"↑ packed cell volume levels; recovered from hypothermia at the time point when untreated mice succumbed; ↓ IL-1b, TNF, IFN-g and similar caspase-1, caspase-3 and LT mRNA expression in the brain; ↓ number of apoptotic neurons in the brain";"Wiese et al., 2008, Malar J";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18179698" "EPO";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-hEpo";"no";"yes (~70%)";"N.I.";"SMA (~70%)";"Similar";"Prolonged severe anemia; delayed induction of reticulocytosis";"Chang et al., 2004, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14767829" "EPO";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rmEpo";"yes";"yes";"SMA (100%)";"SMA (100%)";"Similar";"Similar anemia";"Chang et al., 2004, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14767829" "EPO";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rmEpo";"yes (100%)";"yes (50%)";"SMA (100%)";"SMA (50%)";"Similar";"Increased reticulocytosis; similar anemia; survived a challenge infection 5 weeks after primary infection";"Chang et al., 2004, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14767829" "EPO";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"rmEpo";"no";"yes (% depended on the time of administration)";"N.I.";"SMA (% depended on the time of administration)";"Increased and delayed clearance";"Earlier increase in reticulocytosis";"Chang et al., 2004, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14767829" "Fas";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Fas -/- (lpr)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Nitcheu et al., 2003, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574396" "Fas";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Fas -/- (lpr)";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM (50%)";"Similar";"Heterozygotes not different from WT";"Ohno et al., 2005, Immunogenetics";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15900502" "Fas";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/N";"Fas -/- (lpr)";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM (50%)";"Similar";"Heterozygotes not different from WT";"Ohno et al., 2005, Immunogenetics";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15900502" "Fas";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 for WT, N.I. for Lpr";"Fas -/- (lpr)";"yes";"yes";"CM";"resolving CM and died from HP&A";"Similar";"Mice displayed all the cerebral symptoms of CM around day 6-8 (hemorrhages, edema, leukocyte sequestration), but recovered from all the symptoms and died later of overwhelming parasitemia; similar splenomegaly; deposits of hemozoin in the brain parenchyma presumably from previous hemorrhages or pRBC sequestration; similar CD8 and CD4 mRNA expression in spleen and similar CD8, CD4, TNF-a, perforin and granzyme B mRNA expression in brain; no apoptotic astrocytes in retinal wholemount tissue (IHC)";"Potter et al., 2006, J Neuroimmunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16414123" "Fas";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6 for WT, N.I. for Lpr";"Fas -/- (lpr)";"yes";"yes";"HP&A";"HP&A";"Similar";"Similar hematocrit and splenomegaly, no cerebral pathology (similar to WT mice)";"Potter et al., 2006, J Neuroimmunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16414123" "Fas";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"Fas -/- (lpr)";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"N.I.";"Similar serum GPT (ALT), liver injury and lymphocyte infiltration in liver";"Adachi et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11698470" "Fas";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6";"Fas -/- (lpr)";"no";"no";"None";"None";"Increased peak and delayed clearance";"N.I.";"Ohno et al., 2005, Immunogenetics";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15900502" "Fas";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C3H/HeJ";"Fas -/- (lpr)";"no";"no";"None";"None";"Similar";"N.I.";"Ohno et al., 2005, Immunogenetics";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15900502" "Fas";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"MRL/MpJ";"Fas -/- (lpr)";"no";"no";"None";"None";"Similar";"N.I.";"Ohno et al., 2005, Immunogenetics";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15900502" "FasL";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"FasL -/- (gld)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Nitcheu et al., 2003, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574396" "FasL";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 for WT, N.I. for Gld";"FasL -/- (gld)";"yes";"yes";"CM";"resolving CM and died from HP&A";"Similar";"Mice displayed all the cerebral symptoms of CM around day 6-8 (hemorrhages, edema, leukocyte sequestration), but recovered from all the symptoms and died later of overwhelming parasitemia; similar splenomegaly; deposits of hemozoin in the brain parenchyma presumably from previous hemorrhages or pRBC sequestration; similar CD8 and CD4 mRNA expression in spleen and similar CD8, CD4, TNF-a, perforin and granzyme B mRNA expression in brain; no apoptotic astrocytes in retinal wholemount tissue (IHC)";"Potter et al., 2006, J Neuroimmunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16414123" "FasL";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6 for WT, N.I. for Gld";"FasL -/- (gld)";"yes";"yes";"HP&A";"HP&A";"Similar";"Similar hematocrit and splenomegaly, no cerebral pathology (similar to WT mice)";"Potter et al., 2006, J Neuroimmunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16414123" "FcgR";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"C57BL/6";"FcRg -/-";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No parasite clearance";"↓ phagocytic activity by splenic macrophages; similar IFN-g production by spleen cells; similar total IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3; passive transfer of anti-XAT IgG failed to suppress the increase in parasitemia";"Yoneto et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11342646" "FcgR";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"BALB/cByJ";"FcRg -/-";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Passive transfer of hyperimmune mice sera protected equally";"Rotman et al., 1998, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9712060" "FcgRI";"Plasmodium berghei tg for P. falciparum MSP19";"Tg BALB/c x BALB/c F1";"Hu-FcRI-tg + anti-PfMSP-1";"yes";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased (undetectable)";"N.I.";"McIntosh et al., 2007, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17511516" "FcgRIIB";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"FcgRIIB-/- (SLE-susceptible)";"yes";"yes";"CM (60%)";"CM (10%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~1 week); ↑ splenomegaly 7 days p.i.; no kidney inflammation";"Waisberg et al., 2010, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21187399" "FcgRIIB";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi";"BALB/c";"FcgRIIB-/- (SLE-susceptible)";"no";"ni";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak and more rapid clearance";"↓ anemia and hypothermia; ↑ expression of CD86, production of TNF and phagocytosis of iRBCs by macrophages in vitro; ↑ antimalarial IgG";"Clatworthy et al., 2007, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17435165" "FcgRIIB/TLR7";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"FcgRIIB-/-.yaa (SLE-susceptible), contains a duplication of TLR7";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (10%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~1 week); ↑ splenomegaly 7 days p.i.; ↓ postmortem brain and similar kidney weight; developped moderated kidney inflammation; ↓ number of brain microhemorrhages; ↑ serum GM-CSF and IL-10 before infection; similar levels of serum GM-CSF and ↓ IL-10, IFN-g, IL-12p70, IL-17, IL-6, MCP-1 and RANTES 5 days p.i.; splenic immune cell populations had features of a controlled chronic activation before infection that was absent in WT mice, and infection resulted in ↓ inflammatory responses compared to WT mice; similar recruitment of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with a similar activation status in the brain";"Waisberg et al., 2010, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21187399" "FcgRIIB/TLR7";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"C57BL/6";"FcgRIIB-/-.yaa (SLE-susceptible), contains a duplication of TLR7";"yes";"yes";"HP&A";"HP&A";"Similar";"Similar mortality; ↑ splenomegaly; ↓ brain and similar kidney weight";"Waisberg et al., 2010, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21187399" "Fibrinogen";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J";"fibrinogen inhibitor";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"Similar thrombocytopenia";"Senaldi et al., 1998, Cytokine";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9619377" "Free radicals";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"CBA/CaH";"free radical scavenger (BHA)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"N.I.";"Clark et al., 1987, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3119710" "G-CSF";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA";"rhG-CSF";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased first peak";"↑ neutrophils count in peripheral blood prior to infection";"Waki at al., 1993, Parasitol Res";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7507593" "G-CSF/IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA";"rhG-CSF + anti-IFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Waki at al., 1993, Parasitol Res";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7507593" "G-CSF/TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA";"rhG-CSF + anti-TNF-a";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Waki at al., 1993, Parasitol Res";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7507593" "gd T cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"d-chain-/- (gd TCR-/-)";"yes";"yes";"CM (53%)";"CM (62,5%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Boubou et al., 1999, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10464176" "gd T cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-gd TCR (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (78%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9864254" "gd T cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-gd TCR (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (67%)";"67%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9864254" "gd T cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"d-chain-/- (gd TCR-/-)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (54%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9864254" "gd T cells";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6";"anti-gd TCR";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar plasma IFN-g and splenic IFN-g mRNA expression 24h p.i.";"Mitchell et al., 2005, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16113282" "gd T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"d -/- TCR";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed clearance";"N.I.";"Seixas et al., 1999, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10072531" "gd T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-gd TCR";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed clearance";"N.I.";"Seixas et al., 1999, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10072531" "gd T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129 x C57BL/6";"d-chain-/- (gd TCR-/-)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed clearance";"Similar hypothermia, hypoglycemia and weight loss (slower recovery from weight loss); similar precursor frequency of IFN-g producing CD4+ T cells and ↑ precursor frequency of IL-4 producing CD4+ T cells 31 days p.i. to malaria antigens; earlier ↑ and greater response of CD4+ T cells providing help to B cells; ↑ malaria-specific IgG1, IgG3 and similar IgG2a, IgG2b";"Seixas et al., 2002, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11982858" "Glucocorticoid receptor (GR)";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"dexamethasone";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"Decreased from day 9";"No neurological symptoms or hypothermia (dose-dependent)";"Curfs et al., 1993, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8414666" "Glucocorticoid receptor (GR)";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6J";"dexamethasone (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"MA-ARDS (90%)";"MA-ARDS (10%)";"Increased";"↓ lung weight 10 days p.i.; ↓ IFN-g and MCP-1, ↑ TNF-a, IL-10, IL-1b and MIP-2 and similar MIF, mGCP-2/LIX, KC and MIG mRNA expression in the lungs 10 days p.i.; the mRNA expression of IP-10 and I-TAC were unsignificantly ↑; ↓ number of macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and similar numbers of neutrophils in the lungs 10 days p.i.; ↓ number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the spleen 10 days p.i.; ↓ % of Treg cells in infected spleens";"Van den Steen et al., 2010, Am J Crit Care Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20093644" "Glucocorticoid receptor (GR)/TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"dexamethasone + rHu-TNF-a (↑ dose)";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"Decreased on day 7";"No neurological symptoms (only for combinations with a low dose of dexamethasone (2,5 or 5 mg/mL) and when TNF-a was administered on day 7-8)";"Curfs et al., 1993, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8414666" "GM-CSF";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-GM-CSF";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (70%)";"Similar";"Similar mortality";"Grau et al., 1988, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3049913" "GM-CSF";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-GM-CSF";"yes";"N.I.";"CM (80%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ serum IL-6";"Grau et al., 1990, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2121890" "GM-CSF";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Ola x C57BL/6";"GM-CSF -/-";"no";"♂ 75 %; ♀ 46 %";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Increased peak and increased recrudescences";"↓ splenomegaly; ↓ leukocytosis (↓ number of macrophages, lymphocytes and similar granulocytes); similar anemia and erythropoiesis; ↑ serum TNF-a and IFN-g (↑ serum IFN-g also in uninfected KO mice compared to uninfected WT mice)";"Riopel et al., 2001, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11119498" "Histamine R1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"H1R inhibitor (levocetirizine)";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"CM (30%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks) only when used prophylactic; ↓ IFN-g and TNF-a brain mRNA expression 6 days p.i.";"Beghdadi et al., 2009, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19547708" "Histamine R1";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"H1R -/-";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~3 days)";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "Histamine R1";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"H1R inhibitor (levocetirizine)";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~3 days)";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "Histamine R2";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"H2R inhibitor (cimetidine)";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~3 days)";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "Histamine R2";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"H2R -/-";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~3 days)";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "Histamine R3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J x 129/Ola";"H3R -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Increased";"Earlier death (days); Brain: earlier and ↑ Evans blue dye extravasation; ↑ number of RBC (u+p) aggregates; ↑ sequestration of CD4+, CD8+ T cells, CD11b+GR1low (macrophages) and CD11b+GR1high (Neutrophils + inflammatory macrophages) cells; ↑ levels of tele-methylhistamine (also in non-infected H3R-/- mice); ↓ mRNA expression of histidine decarboxylase (HDC) 6 days p.i. (naïve H3R -/- mice have higher levels than naïve C56BL/6J mice); ↑ plasma histamine levels 3 and 5 days p.i. (not 6 days p.i.); in vitro IL-10 and TNF-a production by P. berghei ANKA stimulated splenocytes peaked with a delay of 1 day, while IFN-g production was ↑ 4 days p.i.";"Beghdadi et al., 2009, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19547708" "Histamine R3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"H3R agonist";"yes";"yes";"CM (50%)";"CM (25%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks)";"Beghdadi et al., 2009, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19547708" "Histamine R3";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"H3R inhibitor (imetit)";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "Histamine R3/R1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"H3R -/-";"H1R inhibitor (levocetirizine)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (75%)";"Similar";"Similar IFN-g and ↓ TNF-a brain mRNA expression 6 days p.i.";"Beghdadi et al., 2009, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19547708" "Histamine R3/R2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"H3R -/-";"H2R inhibitor (cimetidine)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (60%)";"Similar";"↓ IFN-g and TNF-a brain mRNA expression 6 days p.i.";"Beghdadi et al., 2009, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19547708" "Histamine R4";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"H4R inhibitor (JNJ7777120)";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "Histidine decarboxylase (HDC)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"HDC -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Decreased on day 9";"Prolonged survival (~2 weeks); no neurological symptoms; ↓ pRBC aggregates, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and ICAM-1 expression in brain microvessels; ↓ ICAM-1, IL-10, IFN-g and IL-5 mRNA, ↑ VCAM-1 mRNA and unsignificant ↓ IL-4 mRNA expression in the brain; ↓ serum IFN-g, KC and IL-5; similar serum TNF-a, IL-10, and MIP-1a; unsignificant ↓ in serum IL-6 and MCP-1; similar CD8 OT-1 and CD4 OT-2 proliferative responses after treatment with OVA";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "Histidine decarboxylase (HDC)/CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"HDC -/-";"anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"No CM";"Increased";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks)";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "Histidine decarboxylase (HDC)/CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"HDC -/-";"anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"No CM";"Increased";"Similar survival";"Beghdadi et al., 2008, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18227221" "HMG-CoA reductase";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statins)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"↓ plasma IFN-g and similar plasma levels of MCP-1 5 days p.i.; similar plasma levels of IL-6 6 days p.i.; dose-dependent ↑ of TNF-a and IL-6 production by TLR2 and TLR4-stimulated peritoneal macrophages";"Helmers et al., 2009, Am J Trop Med Hyg";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19815878" "HMGB1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"+ anti-HMGB1";"yes";"yes";"CM (95%)";"CM (75%)";"Similar";"Similar mortality; similar plasma levels of TNF, IL-12, IFN-g, IL-10 and CCL2 (MCP-1)";"Higgins et al., 2013, Malar J";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23506269" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"DBA/2";"CO gas";"yes";"yes";"ALI (55%) or HP&A";"HP&A";"Similar";"↓ mortality from ALI (0% vs 50%); no ↑ in serum VEGF levels; no pulmonary hemorrhages or edema";"Epiphanio et al., 2010, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20502682" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"HO-1 -/- (Hmox1 -/-)";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"CM (83.3%)";"Similar";"BBB breakdown; brain parenchymal hemorrhages; accumulation of activated leukocytes and red blood cells in brain microvasculature";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"SCID";"HO-1 -/- (Hmox1 -/-)";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"HO-1 inhibitor";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"CM (77.5%)";"Similar";"BBB breakdown; brain hemorrhages; accumulation of activated leukocytes and red blood cells in brain microvasculature";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"HO-1 inducer";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"No CM";"Delayed onset";"No neurological symptoms";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"heme";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"CM symptoms; in vitro data demonstrate that heme in the presence of ROS can disrupt BBB tight junctions";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"HO-1 inhibitor";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Similar BBB breakdown, microvascular congestion and hemorrhages in brain; similar plasma free heme concentration (increased compared to uninfected C57BL/6 mice)";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"HO-1 inducer";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (10%)";"Delayed onset";"75 % reduction of BBB disruption; no red blood cell and leukocyte sequestration in brain microvasculature; no brain hemorrhages; ↓ plasma free heme concentration";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CO gas";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Similar";"Protective effect was only seen with early CO treatment; 80 % reduction of BBB disruption; reduced red blood cell and leukocyte sequestration in brain microvasculature; no brain hemorrhages; ↓TNF-a, IFN-g, LT-a, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA in brain; ↓CD8+CD69+ T cells, CD8+IFN-g+ T cells, macrophages and PMN recruitment into the brain; restored MetHb concentration; restored plasma free heme concentration to basal levels without inhibition of red blood cell lysis";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CO gas + heme";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"Heme reversed the protective effect of CO on CM";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"biliverdin";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"heme";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"CM symptoms";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HO-1";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129 Sv x BALB/c";"Hmox-1 -/-";"no";"yes";"No liverpathology";"Liver pathology";"Similar";"↑ plasma ALT, similar plasma creatinine and urea, no brain edema; accumulation of plasma protein-bound and non-protein bound heme; ↑ TBARS (lipid peroxidation derivatives in hepatocytes)";"Seixas et al., 2009, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19706490" "HO-1";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"BALB/c-SCID";"Hmox-1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"HP&A";"N.I.";"Similar";"Earlier mortality (days)";"Seixas et al., 2009, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19706490" "HO-1";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"DBA/2";"antioxidans";"80%";"no";"Liver pathology and severe anemia";"No liverpathology";"Similar";"↓ plasma AST";"Seixas et al., 2009, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19706490" "HO-1";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"DBA/2";"HO-1 expressing adenovirus in liver";"yes";"no";"Liver pathology and severe anemia";"No liverpathology";"Similar";"No ↑ in plasma AST and no liver portal and centrilobular vein necrosis";"Seixas et al., 2009, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19706490" "HO-1";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL + Salmonella typhimurium";"C57BL/6";"HO-1 inhibitor";"yes 100% 18h after S.t. infection";"yes (20% 18h after S.t. infection";"Bacteremia (100%)";"Bacteremia (~20%)";"Similar";"Infection by P. yoelii XNL decreased resistance against S. typhimurium. HO-1 inhibition restored this resistance and prevented accumulation of S. typhimurium within granulocytes resulting in prolonged survival";"Cunnington et al., 2012, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22179318" "HO-1/CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"HO-1 -/- (Hmox1 -/-) + anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Pamplona et al., 2007, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17496899" "HVEM";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-HVEM";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (90%)";"Similar";"Similar neurologic symptoms";"Randall et al., 2008, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19017933" "Hydrogen sulfide gas (HS)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"+ NaHS (fast-releasing donor of HS) or GYY4137 (slow-releasing donor of HS)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Similar levels of free plasma thiols";"DellaValle et al., 2013, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23555646" "IDO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IDO-1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Similar histopathology; ↓ IDO-2 mRNA expression in brain (also in non-infected animals → IDO-2 in close proximity to IDO-1, and probably partly affected by gene knock out procedure); no ↑ tryptophan dioxygenase (Tdo) mRNA expression in brain; ↓ brain kynurenic acid (KA) (similar t non-infected IDO-1 -/- mice); ↓ brain quinolinic acid (QA) (but only slightly higher than non-infected IDO-1 -/- mice); ↓ brain picolinic acid (PA) (but significantly ↑ than non-infected IDO-1 -/- mice)";"Miu et al, 2009, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19000912" "IDO-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"kynurenine-3-hydroxilase inhibitor (i.p. vs p.o.)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (60% i.p. or 75% p.o.)";"Decreased (i.p.) or similar (p.o.)";"No neurologic symptoms; prolonged survival (~ 2 weeks); ↓ brain PA (also ↓ in mice that developed fatal CM, but less pronounced); similar KA and QA levels in brain";"Miu et al, 2009, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19000912" "Ifit1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Ifit1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "IFN-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"rHu-IFN-a";"yes";"yes";"CM (87%)";"CM (6%)";"Delayed onset and decreased";"Prolonged survival (~ 1 week): parasitemia increased when IFN-a treatment was abrogated; ↓ leukocytes in cerebral vessels and spleen; ↓ ICAM-1 in brain; ↓ serum TNF-a and↑ serum IFN-g; survival was prolonged by blood transfusion; ↓ reticulocytosis; similar anemia";"Vigário et al., 2007, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17475871" "IFN-a/IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"rHu-IFN-a + anti- IFN-g";"yes";"yes";"CM";"N.I.";"Decreased";"The inhibitory effect of IFN-a was partially abrogated";"Vigário et al., 2007, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17475871" "IFN-b";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"rIFN-b";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"CM (40%) (at the end of observation day 10)";"Similar";"↓ BBB leakage, ↓ brain inflammatory cell infiltrates and improved vascular integrity 5 days p.i.; ↓ plasma MIG, TNF-a, IFNg, ↑ plasma IP-10 and similar plasma sICAM-1; ↓ MIG protein and ↑ IP-10 protein in the brain 5 days p.i.; ↓ MIG, ICAM-1 and ↑ IP-10 mRNA in the brain 5 days p.i.; ↓CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells in the brain 6 days p.i.; ↓ T cells CXCR3 expression in the spleen 6 days p.i.; ↓ CXCR3 mRNA expression in the brain 6 days p.i.";"Morell et al., 2011, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21245265" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IFN-g -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ ICAM-1 and similar P-selectin protein expression in brain and lungs";"Bauer et al., 2002, Microcirculation";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12483543" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IFN-g -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-IFN-g";"yes";"yes";"CM (87,5%)";"CM (10-23,5%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); no neurological symptoms; no protection when administered just before onset of symptoms (day 7);↓ serum TNF-a; similar mononuclear cell infiltration in spleen and lymph nodes; no sequestration of macrophages, T cells or pRBC in the brain";"Grau et al., 1989, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2501793" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-IFN-g";"yes";"N.I.";"CM (80%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ serum IL-6; similar serum IgG";"Grau et al., 1990, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2121890" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"N.I.";"IFN-g -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"No ↑ Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) mRNA expression in the brain ; no IDO immunoreactivity in the endothelium of non-productive tissue; similar IDO staining in epididymal tissue";"Hansen et al., 2004, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15542091" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"IFN-g -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"no";"Similar";"No neurologic symptoms; ↑ levels (normal values) of [31P]-containing metabolites (phosphocreatinine (PCr), and PCr:PME), ↑ levels of b-ATP, similar levels (normal values) of phosphomonoesters (PME), and ↓ levels (normal values) of inorganic phosphate (Pi), Pi:b-ATP and Pi:PCr in brain 6-7 days p.i.; normal lactate, glutamate, GABA, aspartate, alanine, NAA and glutamine metabolite pool sizes in brain (compared with uninfected IFN-g -/- mice); no ↓ brain net flux of 13C from D-[1-13C]glucose into metabolic intermediates associated with Krebs cycle (normal compared to uninfected IFN-g -/- mice), except for Ala C3 which did not change upon infection";"Parekh et al., 2006, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16934816" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IFN-g -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (96,5%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"No ↑ brain IDO activity";"Sanni et al., 1998, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9466588" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"IFN-g -/-";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"N.I.";"Similar";"↓ mRNA expression of chemokines (MCP-1, RANTES, MIP-1b, MIG, IP-10, I-TAC) and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, LFA-1, P-selectin, VCAM-1, PECAM-1) and abrogated IP-10 protein expression in the brain";"Van den Steen et al., 2008, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18383042" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-IFN-g";"yes";"yes";"CM";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Vigário et al., 2007, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17475871" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129 x C57BL/6";"IFN-g -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (58%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6";"IFN-g -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No ↑ IDO and similar IL-10, IL-12 and IL-18 mRNA expression 24h p.i. in the spleen";"Mitchell et al., 2005, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16113282" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"BALB/c";"IFN-g -/-";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar mortality";"Ishih et al., 2008, Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19062681" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"CBA/JNCrj";"anti-IFN-g";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~ 1 week)";"Waki et al., 1992, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1350570" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"anti-IFN-g";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~ 1 week)";"Yoshimoto et al., 1998, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9605153" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA/JNCrj";"anti-IFN-g";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased";"N.I.";"Waki et al., 1992, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1350570" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"C57BL/6";"IFN-g -/-";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No parasite clearance";"↓ phagocytic activity by splenic macrophages; similar total IgG; ↓ IgG2a";"Yoneto et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11342646" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA/JNCrj";"anti-IFN-g";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased and no clearance";"N.I.";"Yoshimoto et al., 1998, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9607848" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA/JNCrj";"rIFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and no second peak";"N.I.";"Yoshimoto et al., 1998, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9607848" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"CBA/CaH";"rIFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak";"Resistant to secondary infection";"Clark et al., 1987, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3119710" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"129/Sv x C57BL/6 (WT = 129/Ola)";"IFN-g -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed clearance";"N.I.";"Van der heyde et al., 1997, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9030670" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"DBA/2";"anti-IFN-g";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"Similar body weight and body temperature";"Cross et al., 1998, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9806866" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"B10.D2";"anti-IFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"↓ body weight and body temperature";"Cross et al., 1998, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9806866" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-IFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar iNOS mRNA expression in spleen 7 days p.i.. similar NO3- levels in serum 7 days p.i.; similar spleen weight 7 days p.i.";"Jacobs et al. 1996, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8557372" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-IFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"N.I.";"Meding et al., 1990, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1977706" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"rIFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak";"N.I.";"Meding et al., 1990, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1977706" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"IFN-g -/-";"no";"♂ 100 %; ♀ 40 %";"N.I.";"N.I.";"♂: increased peak ♀: increased peak and increased recrudescences";"↓serum TNF-a, IL-12p70 and NO; ↓ splenic macrophages, NK cells and T cells (only in ♂); similar splenic B cells and Mac-1+ cells; ↓parasite-specific IgM, IgG2a, IgG3 and ↑IgG1; similar TNF-a, IL-4 and ↑ IL-10 production by spleen cells after in vitro stimulation with pRBC";"Su et al., 2000, Infect Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10899836" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"C57BL/6J";"anti-IFN-g";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Earlier death (days)";"Kobayashi et al., 2000, J Vet Med Sci";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10907683" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"CBA/J";"rIFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak";"No effect on the outcome of infection";"Shear et al., 1989, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2506274" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"SW";"rIFN-g";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak";"Prolonged survival (days, dose-dependent); ↑ phagocytic activity and H2O2 production by peritoneal macrophages that was partially abrogated after pretreatment with anti-IFN-g";"Shear et al., 1989, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2506274" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"BALB/cByJ";"rIFN-g";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak";"Prolonged survival (days, dose-dependent)";"Shear et al., 1989, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2506274" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"SW";"rIFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"No effect on the outcome of infection";"Shear et al., 1989, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2506274" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/cByJ";"rIFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak";"No effect on the outcome of infection";"Shear et al., 1989, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2506274" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"CBA/J";"rIFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"No effect on the outcome of infection";"Shear et al., 1989, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2506274" "IFN-g";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"129/Ola x C57BL/6 (WT = 129/Ola)";"IFN-g -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No parasite clearance in 30 days";"N.I.";"Van der heyde et al., 1997, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9030670" "IFN-g/CTLA-4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IFN-g -/- + anti-CTLA-4";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Jacobs et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12193697" "IFN-g/CTLA-4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IFN-g -/- + anti-CTLA-4";"yes";"yes";"Moderate liver pathology";"Moderate liver pathology";"N.I.";"↓ serum AST and ALT levels compared to anti-CTLA-4-treated WT (similar compared to untreated WT mice); ↓ CD4+ T cells in liver compared to untreated and anti-CTLA-4-treated WT mice (similar compared to untreated IFN-g -/-)";"Jacobs et al., 2004, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15048707" "IFN-gR";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129/Sv/Ev x C57BL/6 (WT = 129 Sv/Ev)";"IFN-gR -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (60-100% depending on the parasite dose used)";"No CM";"Similar/higher depending on the parasite dose used";"No neurological symptoms; similar anemia; ↑ serum IFN-g, TNF-a; similar IFN-g protein expression in the brain and ↑ IFN-g protein expression in the spleen; ↓ TNF-a mRNA expression in the spleen and brain; ↓ TNF-a protein expression in the brain; ↓ IL-6 and IL-10 mRNA expression in the brain; similar IL-6 mRNA expression in the spleen; similar NO in serum, brain and spleen";"Amani et al., 2000, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10898501" "IFN-gR";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"DBA/1";"IFN-gR -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (89%)";"No CM";"Similar";"↓ mRNA expression of chemokines (MCP-1, RANTES, MIP-1b, MIG, IP-10, I-TAC) and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, LFA-1, P-selectin, VCAM-1), ↑ mRNA expression of P-selectin and abrogated IP-10 protein expression in the brain";"Van den Steen et al., 2008, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18383042" "IFN-gR";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"129/Sv/Ev x C57BL/6";"IFN-gR -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed peak";"N.I.";"Tsuji et al., 1995, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7537305" "IFN-gR";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"IFN-gR -/-";"No";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased on day 9";"↓ sequestration in livers (day 5 and day 9 p.i.), but not in spleen or lungs; ↓ serum ALT levels; similar numbers of IFN-g+ lymphocytes in the lungs 9 days p.i.; similar IgM and albumin levels in BAL fluid; similar tubular dilatation, plasma creatinine levels and plasma urea levels";"Brugat et al., 2013, Cell Microbiol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24003897" "IFN-gR";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv/Ev x C57BL/6";"IFN-gR -/-";"no";"77%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Second peak as high as first peak";"First peak:↑ parasite-specific IgM, similar IgG1 and ↓ IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3; ↓ serum NO3-; ↑ leukocytosis; similar anemia; ↓ splenomegaly; second peak: similar serum NO3-; ↑ leukocytosis and anemia; similar splenomegaly; ↑ parasite-specific IgM and IgG1 after second peak; resistant to secondary infection";"Favre et al., 1997, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9292896" "IFN-gR";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv/Ev x C57BL/6";"IFN-gR -/-";"no";"no";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Prolonged acute parasitemia with second peak";"Similar hypoglycaemia and weight loss; more pronounced hypothermia";"Li et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10456884" "IFN-gRa";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129P2Sv/Ev";"IFN-gRa -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (60-100%)";"No CM";"Similar";"↓ total leukocyte numbers and CD8+ T cells and similar numbers of macrophages, neutrophils and CD4+ T cells in the brain at the time of CM; ↑ numbers of total leukocytes, macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and ↓ numbers of neutrophils in the lungs at the time of CM; no pulmonary edema; ↓ mRNA expression of MIP-1a/CCL3, RANTES/CCL5, IP-10/CXCL10, CCR2 and CCR1 and similar MCP-1/CCL2, CCR5 and CXCR3 in the brain; ↑ mRNA expression of MCP-1/CCL2 and IP-10/CXCL10, ↓ CCR2 and CXCR3 and similar MIP-1a/CCL3, RANTES/CCL5, CCR5 and CCR1 in the lungs; ↑ mRNA expression of MIP-1a/CCL3, IP-10/CXCL10, CCR5 and CXCR3 and similar MCP-1/CCL2, RANTES/CCL5, CCR2 and CCR1 in the spleen";"Belnoue et al., 2008, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18665903" "IFNabR";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"129 Sv/Ev";"IFNabR -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Increased weight loss and hypothermia";"Voisine et al., 2010, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19968996" "IFNaR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IFNaR1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (~90%)";"CM (~25%)";"Increased on day 6-7";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks); no neurological symptoms; no BBB leakage; less intravascular accumulation of mononuclear cells; no endothelial cell disruption or hemorrhagic lesions; similar parasite accumulation and CD3 expression in the brain; delayed kinetics of TNF and IL-10 mRNA expression in the brain; ↓ numbers of CD8+, CD8+GrB+, and CD8+IFN-g+ cells in the spleen at baseline in uninfected mice, similar numbers in the spleen at day 5 p.i., and ↓ numbers in the brain at day 6 p.i.";"Ball et al., 2013, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23585679" "IFNaR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"IFNaR1";"+ adoptive transfer of total splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice that had recieved irradiated pRBCs";"yes";"yes";"CM (~25%)";"CM (~75%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Ball et al., 2013, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23585679" "IFNaR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"IFNaR1 -/-";"+ adoptive transfer of splenic CD8+ cells from C57BL/6 mice that had recieved irradiated pRBCs";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"BBB leakage (↑ compared to infected IFNaR1-/- that not recieved cells); CD8+, CD8+GrB+, and CD8+IFN-g+ cells were found in the brain";"Ball et al., 2013, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23585679" "IFNaR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"IFNaR1 -/-";"+ adoptive transfer of splenocytes depleted of CD8+ cells from C57BL/6 mice that had recieved irradiated pRBCs";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"No CM";"Similar";"No BBB leakage (similar compared to infected IFNaR1-/- that not recieved cells); CD8+, CD8+GrB+, and CD8+IFN-g+ cells were found in the brain";"Ball et al., 2013, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23585679" "IFNaR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"IFNaR1 -/-";"+ adoptive transfer of splenic CD8+ cells from IFNaR1-/- mice that had recieved irradiated pRBCs";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"CM (~25%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Ball et al., 2013, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23585679" "IL-10";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J";"rIL-10";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (38.6 %)";"similar";"Prolonged survival (days-weeks); no neurological symptoms; similar TNF-a";"Kossodo et al., 1997, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9378491" "IL-10";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"anti-IL-10";"yes";"yes";"HP&A";"HP&A";"similar";"Similar mortality; ↑ TNF-a";"Kossodo et al., 1997, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9378491" "IL-10";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129 x C57BL/6";"IL-10 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (89%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "IL-10";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"IL-10 -/-";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"↑ Liver pathology";"Decreased";"Similar weight loss (↓ compared to IL-27R -/- mice); ↑ liverpathology (similar compared to IL-27R -/- mice); ↑ numbers of total splenic CD4+ T cells and similar numbers of liver-infiltrating CD4+ T cells 14 days p.i. (↑ numbers of total splenic CD4+ T cells and ↓ numbers of liver-infiltrating CD4+ T cells compared to IL-27R -/- mice)";"Findlay et al., 2010; J immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20631310" "IL-10";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"129/Ola x C57BL/6";"IL-10 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar number of splenic gd T cells";"Van der heyde et al., 1996, J Leukoc Biol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8773584" "IL-10";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"129/Ola x C57BL/6 (WT = 129/Ola)";"IL-10 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Van der heyde et al., 1997, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9030670" "IL-10";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"IL-10 -/-";"No";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"↑ sequestration in the spleen (day 9 p.i.) and in the liver (day 5 and day 9 p.i. although not significantly), but not in the lungs; similar serum ALT levels; ↑ numbers of IFN-g+ lymphocytes in the lungs 9 days p.i.; ↑ IgM and albumin levels in BAL fluid; ↑ tubular dilatation, plasma creatinine levels and plasma urea levels";"Brugat et al., 2013, Cell Microbiol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24003897" "IL-10";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"IL-10 -/-";"no";"♀ 50 %; ♂ no";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Similar";"↑ mortality;↑ hypothermia, hypoglycemia and weight loss in ♀";"Li et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10456884" "IL-10";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"IL-10 -/-";"no";"♀ 30 %; ♂ no";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Similar";"↑ mortality;↑ hypothermia, hypoglycemia and weight loss in ♀; ↑ plasma TNF-a and IFN-g; ↑ TNF-a, IFN-g, IL-12p40 and NOS2 mRNA in spleen";"Li et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10456884" "IL-10";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"IL-10 -/-";"no";"♀ 66 %";"Anemia";"N.I.";"Similar";"↑ mortality; surviving mice had ↓ hypothermia and hypoglycaemia, similar anemia and weight loss; ↑ serum TGF-b";"Li et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12933825" "IL-10";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"IL-10 -/-";"no";"♀ 70 %";"Anemia";"CM (♀ 70 %)";"Similar";"↑ parasite sequestration; cerebral edema and hemorrhages (CM?)";"Sanni et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15102820" "IL-10";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"C57BL/6J";"anti-IL-10";"yes";"40% (at the end of observation day 25)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Kobayashi et al., 2000, J Vet Med Sci";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10907683" "IL-10";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"C57BL/6";"anti-IL-10R";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"↑ plasma IFN-g";"Omer et al., 2003, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14607947" "IL-10";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"129/Ola x C57BL/6 (WT = 129/Ola)";"IL-10 -/-";"no";"not in 30 days";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Van der heyde et al., 1997, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9030670" "IL-10/CD25";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IL-10 -/- + anti-CD25";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"Delayed mortality (1-2 days); similar neurologic symptoms";"Amante et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17600128" "IL-10/IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"IL-10 -/- + anti-IFN-g";"no";"no";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Increased recrudescences";"Similar hypothermia, hypoglycemia and weight loss compared to IL-10-/- mice";"Li et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10456884" "IL-10/IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"IL-10-/- x IFN-gR-/-";"no";"no";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Prolonged acute parasitemia and prominent second peak";"Similar hypothermia, hypoglycemia, weight loss and plasma TNF-a compared to IL-10-/- mice";"Li et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10456884" "IL-10/TGF-b";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"IL-10 -/-";"anti-TGF-b";"♀ 66 %";"♀ yes (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"↑ anemia and hypoglycemia, similar hypothermia and weight loss; ↑ plasma IFN-g and TNF-a";"Li et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12933825" "IL-10/TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"IL-10 -/-";"anti-TNF-a";"♀ 66 %";"♀ no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased recrudescences";"↓ hypothermia, anemia, weight loss and similar hypoglycemia; similar plasma IFN-g";"Li et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12933825" "IL-10/TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"IL-10 -/-";"anti-TNF-a";"♀ 70 %";"no";"CM (♀ 70 %)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ cerebral edema and hemorrhages (50 %)";"Sanni et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15102820" "IL-12";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IL-12 -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar ICAM-1 protein expression in the brain; ↓ ICAM-1 protein expression in the lung";"Bauer et al., 2002, Microcirculation";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12483543" "IL-12";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"rIL-12";"yes";"20% (at the end of observation day 23)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); ↑ NOS2 mRNA expression in brain 11 days p.i., in kidneys 4 days p.i. and in liver and spleen; ↑ NO2- and IFN-g production by ConA stimulated spleen cells and in serum; ↑ IFN-g mRNA expression in liver, spleen and kidney; ↑ liver pathology; ↓ IL-10 and similar TNF-a mRNA in spleen; ↑ NOS2 and similar IFN-g in brain and spleen";"Tan et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10225884" "IL-12";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"rIL-12";"yes";"20% (at the end of observation day 23)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak which declined partly with subsequent increase";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); IL-10 mRNA was ↓ on day 11 after infection in liver and spleen and ↓ on day 8, 11 in the kidneys; similar TNF-a expression in liver, spleen and kidneys";"Tan et al., 2000, Parasite Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10972849" "IL-12";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA/JNCrj";"anti-IL-12";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased and no clearance";"↓ IFN-g and NOS2 and similar IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression in the spleen; ↓ IFN-g protein production by spleen cells";"Yoshimoto et al., 1998, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9607848" "IL-12";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA/JNCrj";"rIL-12";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and no second peak";"↑ IFN-g and IL-10 and ↓ IL-4 mRNA expression in the spleen; ↑ IFN-g production by unstimulated, ConA and anti-CD3 stimulated spleen cells; ↓ IL-4 production by ConA and anti-CD3 stimulated spleen cells";"Yoshimoto et al., 1998, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9607848" "IL-12";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rIL-12";"yes";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Spontaneous decline";"↑ NKCC by spleen cells (maximal NKCC activity enhancement after 2 days rIL-12 treatment and ↓ NKCC activity enhancement after longer rIL-12 treatment); ↑ splenic cellularity (similar to infected C57BL/6 mice): ↑ number of CD3+, B220+ and Mac-1+ spleen cells; ↑ IFN-g and similar TNF-a production by splenic NK cells";"Mohan et al., 1997, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9366426" "IL-12";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rIL-12";"yes";"yes";"Severe anemia";"Severe anemia";"Similar";"Similar anemia and reticulocytosis; rIL-12-treated splenocytes produced similar amounts of IFN-g after parasite-antigen stimulation compared to untreated splenocytes";"Mohan et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9916053" "IL-12";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"rIL-12";"no";"60%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak";"N.I.";"Stevenson et al., 1995, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7650384" "IL-12";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rIL-12";"yes";"25%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak and spontaneous decline";"Dose-dependant survival; ↑ production of IFN-g and similar production of IL-4 and IL-5 by spleen cells 7 days p.i.; ↑ serum IFN-g, TNF-a and NO3-";"Stevenson et al., 1995, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7650384" "IL-12/CD4";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rIL-12 + anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Stevenson et al., 1995, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7650384" "IL-12/chloroquine";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rIL-12 + chloroquine";"yes";"no";"Severe anemia";"None";"Decreased peak";"↓ anemia, ↑ erythropoiesis and reticulocytosis; combined therapy induced ↑ IFN-g production by parasite antigen stimulated splenocytes; resistant to secondary infection due to ↑ parasite-specific IgG levels";"Mohan et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9916053" "IL-12/CTLA-4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IL-12p40 -/- + anti-CTLA-4";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Jacobs et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12193697" "IL-12/CTLA-4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IL-12p40 -/- + anti-CTLA-4";"yes";"yes";"Moderate liver pathology";"Moderate liver pathology";"N.I.";"↓ serum AST and ALT levels compared to anti-CTLA-4-treated WT (similar compared to untreated WT mice); ↓ CD4+ T cells in liver compared to anti-CTLA-4-treated WT mice (similar compared to IL-12 -/- and untreated WT mice)";"Jacobs et al., 2004, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15048707" "IL-12/IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA/JNCrj";"rIL-12 + anti-IFN-g";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased and no clearance";"N.I.";"Yoshimoto et al., 1998, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9607848" "IL-12/IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rIL-12 + anti-IFN-g";"yes";"50%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed peak (days) and increased recrudescences";"N.I.";"Stevenson et al., 1995, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7650384" "IL-12/IFN-g/TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rIL-12 + anti-IFN-g + anti-TNF-a";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed peak (days) and increased recrudescences";"N.I.";"Stevenson et al., 1995, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7650384" "IL-12/NK cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rIL-12 + anti-asialo GM1";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"N.I.";"Mohan et al., 1997, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9366426" "IL-12/NOS2";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rIL-12 + NOS2 inhibitor";"yes";"54-67%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Stevenson et al., 1995, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7650384" "IL-12/TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rIL-12 + anti-TNF-a";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Stevenson et al., 1995, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7650384" "IL-12p40";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IL-12p40 -/-";"yes";"~85% (at the end of observation day 20)";"CM (100%)";"CM (~85% at the end of observation day 20)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "IL-12p40";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6J";"IL-12 -/-";"yes";"N.I.";"Liver pathology";"No liverpathology";"Similar";"↓ GPT (ALT) serum levels; no liver injury; similar infiltration of lymphocytes in liver";"Adachi et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11698470" "IL-12p40";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"anti-IL-12p40";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~ 1 week); ↓serum AST and ALT; ↓ liver injury; ↓ in vitro production of IFN-g by spleen and liver cells";"Yoshimoto et al., 1998, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9605153" "IL-12p40";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv x C57BL/6J";"IL-12p40 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased first peak and developed a prominent second peak";"Similar protection during second challenge; first peak (day 7): no NO or IFN-g production by spleen cells, no NO secretion after IFN-g stimulation of spleen cells; second peak (day 15): no NO production by spleen cells, similar NO secretion after IFN-g stimulation of spleen cells;↓ NO and ↑ TGF-b1 production by macrophages after stimulation with pRBCs or rIFN-g; ↓ internalization of pRBCs coated with immune serum antibodies by macrophages";"Bastos et al., 2002, J Interferon Cytokine Res";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12581492" "IL-12p40";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-IL-12p40";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak and increased recrudescences";"N.I.";"Stevenson et al., 1995, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7650384" "IL-12p40";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv x C57BL/6J";"IL-12p40 -/-";"no";"♀ no; ♂ 40 %";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Increased peak and increased recrudescences, no parasite clearance 40 days p.i.";"↓ hematocrit levels and body weight; similar splenomegaly; ↓ serum IFN-g ; ↓ IFN-g production by splenic NK cells; ↓ NK cell cytotoxicity; ↑ IL-10, similar TNF-a and ↓ IFN-g production by spleen cells 7 days p.i.; similar IL-4 production by spleen cells 21 days p.i.; ↓ serum parasite-specific total Ig, IgM and IgG2a,↑ IgG1 15 and 21 days p.i.; no protection against challenge infection; ↓ IgG2a and IgG3, ↑ IgG1 and similar IgG2b 7 days after challenge infection; KO immune sera or IgG2a depleted WT immune serum did not protect susceptible A/J mice";"Su et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11801675" "IL-12p40";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv x C57BL/6J";"IL-12p40 -/- + rIL-12";"no";"no";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Increased recrudescences, but less than without rIL-12";"Similar serum levels of parasite-specific total Ig, IgM and IgG2a, ↓ IgG1; similar protection against challenge infection; similar IgG2a, IgG3, IgG1 and IgG2b 7 days after challenge infection";"Su et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11801675" "IL-15";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"IL-15 -/-";"no";"10%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased and persistent low parasitemia";"↓serum IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-12p70 and similar IL-10; ↑ number of apoptotic NK cells 5 days p.i.; ↓ NK cell cytotoxicity and in vitro IFN-g production; ↓ parasite-specific total IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3 and IgM";"Ing et al., 2005, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15845528" "IL-17";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IL-17-/- (17KO)";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"CM (80%)";"Similar";"Similar neurological symptoms";"Ishida et al., 2010, Biochem Biophys Res Commun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21036146" "IL-18";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"IL-18 -/-";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Earlier death (~ 1 week)";"Singh et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11971017" "IL-18";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"anti-IL-18";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Earlier death (~ 1 week)";"Singh et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11971017" "IL-18";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"rIL-18";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Prolonged survival (~ 2 weeks)";"Singh et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11971017" "IL-18";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"rIL-18";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset";"Prolonged survival (days – weeks: dose-dependent) due to ↑ serum IFN-g production; ↓ liver and spleen pathology";"Singh et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11971017" "IL-18";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"IL-18 -/-";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"Similar";"Similar GPT (ALT) serum levels and liver injury";"Adachi et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11698470" "IL-18";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6";"IL-18 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased";"N.I.";"Cramer et al., 2008, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692153" "IL-18";"Plasmodium yoelii 265";"BALB/c";"rIL-18";"20%";"0-20% (dose-dependent)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak (dose-dependent)";"Dose-dependant survival due to ↑ serum IFN-g production; ↓ liver and spleen pathology";"Singh et al., 2002, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11971017" "IL-18/CTLA-4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IL-18 -/- + anti-CTLA-4";"yes";"yes";"Moderate liver pathology";"Moderate liver pathology";"N.I.";"↓ serum AST compared to anti-CTLA-4-treated WT and similar to untreated WT; similar serum ALT compared to anti-CTLA-4-treated WT mice and ↑ compared to untreated WT; ↑ CD4+ T cells in liver compared to untreated WT and untreated IL-18 -/- mice (similar compared to anti-CTLA-4-treated WT mice)";"Jacobs et al., 2004, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15048707" "IL-1a";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"rIL-1a";"yes";"N.I.";"CM (100%)";"CM (22%)";"Delayed";"↓ CM incidence only when administered for 6 consecutive days and dose-dependent; no cerebral hemorrhages; no decrease in body temperature; no differences in erythropoiesis";"Curfs et al., 1990, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2230643" "IL-1a";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J-nu";"rIL-1a";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Curfs et al., 1990, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2230643" "IL-1a/IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"rIL-1a + anti-IFN-g";"yes";"N.I.";"CM";"No CM";"Similar";"N.I.";"Curfs et al., 1990, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2230643" "IL-1b";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"rIL-1b";"yes";"N.I.";"CM";"No CM";"Delayed";"N.I.";"Curfs et al., 1990, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2230643" "IL-1R";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"N.I.";"IL-1R -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Reimer et al., 2010, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19950187" "IL-1R";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6";"IL-1R -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased";"N.I.";"Cramer et al., 2008, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692153" "IL-2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129 x C57BL/6";"IL-2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (70%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "IL-2";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"129/Ola x C57BL/6 (WT = 129/Ola)";"IL-2 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed clearance";"N.I.";"Van der heyde et al., 1997, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9030670" "IL-2";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129 x C57BL/6";"IL-2 -/-";"no";"25%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed peak and delayed clearance";"↑ Mac-1+, ↓ CD3+ (especially CD8+ and gd+) and B cells in the spleen";"Seixas et al., 2002, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11982858" "IL-2";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"DBA/2";"rIL-2";"no";"yes";"None";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Splenocytes 3 days p.i.: ↓ IFN-g , ↑ NO and IL-10; splenocytes 6 days p.i.: similar IFN-g and IL-10, ↑ NO; cerebral accumulation of pRBCs and CD25+ ICAM-1+ T cells (mostly gd T cells)";"Haque et al., 2001, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11141489" "IL-2";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c";"rIL-2";"no";"70%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak";"Induction of IL-2, IFN-g, IL-6 and IL-10 mRNA expression in splenic cells; ↑ CD3 or ConA-induced lymphocyte proliferation";"Lucas et al., 1996, C R Acad Sci III";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8949394" "IL-2";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"129/Ola x C57BL/6 (WT = 129/Ola)";"IL-2 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed clearance";"N.I.";"Van der heyde et al., 1997, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9030670" "IL-2/B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129 x C57BL/6";"IL-2 -/- x m-MT";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed peak";"↑ % of Mac-1+ and CD4+ cells and ↓ % of CD8, gd and B cells in the spleen";"Seixas et al., 2002, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11982858" "IL-2/gd T cell";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"DBA/2";"rIL-2 + anti -gd-T cell";"no";"71%";"None";"CM (71%)";"Similar";"Anti-gd treatment delayed (2-3 weeks) or abrogated (2/7 mice stayed healthy until the last day of observation) cerebral symptoms compared to rIL-2 treatment alone";"Haque et al., 2001, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11141489" "IL-23p19";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IL-23p19-/- (P19KO)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Similar neurological symptoms";"Ishida et al., 2010, Biochem Biophys Res Commun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21036146" "IL-27R";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"IL-27R-/- (WSX-1 -/-)";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"↑ Liver pathology";"Decreased";"Earlier death (~ 1 week) and ↑ weight loss; similar mRNA expression of TNF-a, IFN-g, IL-17A, IL-2, IL-10, IL-22, IL-23 and ↓ expression of IL-12p35 in the liver 7 days p.i.; ↑ mRNA expression of IFN-g, IL-12p35 and similar expression of TNF-a, IL-17A, IL-2, IL-10, IL-22 and IL-23 in the liver 14 days p.i.; ↑plasma IFN-g and IL-17A 14 days p.i.; similar proportions and total numbers of splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells 7 and 14 days p.i.; ↑ % of CD4+IFNg+ T cells and similar % of CD4+TNF-a+ and CD4+IL-17A+ T cells in spleen; ↑ IFN-g, similar IL-17A, TNF-a, TBET, RORc and ↓ IL-2, IL-10, IL-4, foxp3 and GATA3 mRNA expression by splenic CD4+ T cells; similar CD4+ T cells 7 days p.i. and similar frequency, numbers and activation status of CD8+ T cells 7 and 14 days p.i. in the liver; ↑ proportion, total number and activated CD4+ T cells in the liver 14 days p.i.; ↑ % of CD4+IFNg+ and CD4+TNF-a+ T cells and similar % of CD4+IL-17A+ T cells in liver; ↑ IFN-g, similar IL-17A, TNF-a, IL-2, foxp3, TBET, GATA3, RORc and ↓ IL-10 and IL-4 mRNA expression by liver CD4+ T cells 14 days p.i.;";"Findlay et al., 2010, J immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20631310" "IL-27R/CD4";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"IL-27R-/- (WSX-1 -/-) + anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Similar liver pathology";"Similar";"N.I.";"Findlay et al., 2010, J immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20631310" "IL-27R/CD8";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"IL-27R-/- (WSX-1 -/-) + anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"↑ Liver pathology";"Decreased";"N.I.";"Findlay et al., 2010, J immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20631310" "IL-27R/IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"IL-27R-/- (WSX-1 -/-) + anti-IFN-g";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"↑ Liver pathology";"Delayed";"↑ accumulation of CD4+ T cells in the liver";"Findlay et al., 2010, J immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20631310" "IL-27R/IFN-g/TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"IL-27R-/- (WSX-1 -/-) + anti-IFN-g + anti-TNF-a";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"↑ Liver pathology";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Findlay et al., 2010, J immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20631310" "IL-27R/IL-10";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"IL-27R-/- (WSX-1 -/-) + rIL-10";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"↑ Liver pathology";"Decreased";"↑ accumulation of CD4+ T cells in the liver";"Findlay et al., 2010, J immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20631310" "IL-27R/TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"IL-27R-/- (WSX-1 -/-) + anti-TNF-a";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"↑ Liver pathology";"Delayed";"↑ accumulation of CD4+ T cells in the liver";"Findlay et al., 2010, J immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20631310" "IL-3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-IL-3";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (80%)";"similar";"Similar mortality";"Grau et al., 1988, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3049913" "IL-3";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"BALB/c";"IL-3 -/-";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"♂ Increased on day 8-10; ♀ Similar";"♂ Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks); ♀ Similar mortality (♀ infected WT mice survive 2-3 weeks longer than ♂ infected WT mice); ↑ splenomegaly and anemia; ↑ numbers of BFU-E and CFU-E in bone marrow and spleen; similar ↑ plasma levels of GM-CSF, IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IP-10, KC, MCP-1, M-CSF, MIP-1a, MIP-1b, and TNF; plasma levels of IFN-g and MIG are lower on day 4 and similarly ↑ on day 8 p.i., whereas G-CSF levels are higher on day 4 and 8 p.i.; ↓ % of blood neutrophils at day 8 p.i.";"Auclair et al., 2013, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24379292" "IL-3/GM-CSF";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-IL-3 and anti-GM-CSF";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (13%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); no neurological symptoms; ↓ serum TNF-a; ↓ macrophage infiltration of white pulp (spleen)";"Grau et al., 1988, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3049913" "IL-3/GM-CSF";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-IL-3 and anti-GM-CSF";"yes";"N.I.";"CM (80%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ serum IL-6";"Grau et al., 1990, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2121890" "IL-4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"IL-4 -/-";"yes";"20% (infection with 400 sporozoites); yes (infection with pRBC or 800 sporozoites)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No detectable parasitemia (infection with 400 sporozoites) or similar (infection with pRBC or 400 sporozoites)";"Surviving mice after infection with 400 sporozoites:↑ IFN-g-producing NK cells and NOS2 expression (mRNA and protein) in the liver; in uninfected and 2 days p.i.: similar numbers of CD4, CD8, NK, NKT and B cells in the liver";"Saeftel et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688111" "IL-4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129 x C57BL/6";"IL-4 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (89%)";"CM (44,5%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "IL-4";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"CBA/JNCrj";"anti-IL-4";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"No effect on the outcome of infection";"Waki et al., 1992, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1350570" "IL-4";"Plasmodium berghei XAT";"CBA/JNCrj";"anti-IL-4";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"No effect on the outcome of infection and on resistance against PbNK65 challenge";"Waki et al., 1992, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1350570" "IL-4";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"129";"IL-4 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Van der heyde et al., 1997, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9030670" "IL-4";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"anti-IL-4";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar iNOS mRNA expression in spleen 7 days p.i.. similar NO3- levels in serum 7 days p.i.; similar spleen weight 7 days p.i.";"Jacobs et al. 1996, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8557372" "IL-4";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"IL-4 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased recrudescences";"Similar IFN-g, IL-5 and ↑ IL-12 mRNA expression in spleen cells; ↓ IL-6 mRNA expression in spleen cells; similar IFN-g, IL-2, IL-10 and ↓ IL-5 and IL-6 (both only after 1 week) mRNA expression by splenic CD4+ T cells; prolonged IFN-g production by splenic CD4+ T cells (delayed switch from a Th1 to a Th2 phenotype); ↓ parasite-specific IgG1 and similar IgG2a/b production by CD4+ T cells after co-incubation with WT-derived B cells; ↓total serum IgG1, ↑ IgG2b and similar IgM, IgG2a and IgG3 1 and 6 week p.i.; ↓ total serum IgE (not detectable in uninfected KO mice); ↓ serum parasite-specific IgG1 4-6 weeks p.i.; earlier ↑ of serum parasite-specific IgG2b; ↑ serum parasite-specific IgG2a 2 weeks p.i.; similar serum parasite-specific IgM and IgG3 (IgE not detectable)";"Von der Weid et al., 1994, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7925557" "IL-4";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"129";"IL-4 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Slightly earlier clearance";"N.I.";"Van der heyde et al., 1997, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9030670" "IL-4/NK cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"IL-4 -/- + anti-asialo GM1";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased compared to anti-asialo GM1 treated WT BALB/c mice";"Similar IFN-g protein in the liver 3 days p.i. compared to untreated WT and ↓ compared to untreated IL-4 -/-";"Saeftel et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688111" "IL-4/NOS2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"IL-4 -/- + NOS2 inhibitor";"50%";"80-100%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased compared to NOS2 inhibitor treated WT BALB/c mice";"N.I.";"Saeftel et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688111" "IL-4Ra";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"IL-4Ra -/-";"yes";"40% (infection with 400 sporozoites); yes (infection with pRBC or 800 sporozoites)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No detectable parasitemia (infection with 400 sporozoites) or similar (infection with pRBC or 400 sporozoites)";"Surviving mice after infection with 400 sporozoites:↑ IFN-g-producing NK cells and NOS2 expression (mRNA and protein) in the liver";"Saeftel et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688111" "IL-4Ra/NK cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"IL-4Ra -/- + anti-asialo GM1";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased compared to anti-asialo GM1 treated WT BALB/c mice";"Similar IFN-g protein in the liver 3 days p.i. compared to untreated WT and ↓ compared to untreated IL-4 -/-";"Saeftel et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688111" "IL-4Ra/NOS2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"IL-4Ra -/- + NOS2 inhibitor";"yes";"80-100%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased compared to NOS2 inhibitor treated WT BALB/c mice";"N.I.";"Saeftel et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688111" "IL-6";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-IL-6";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"CM (80%)";"N.I.";"Similar IgM and ↓ IgG";"Grau et al., 1990, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2121890" "IL-6";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"rIL-6";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased second peak and earlier clearance";"↑ parasite-specific IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b and similar IgG3 serum levels";"Akanmori et al., 1996, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9223174" "Immune cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"CBA/CaJ";"Adoptive transfer of unfractionated immune splenocytes";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No parasite clearance";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "IRF-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IRF-1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (~75%)";"N.I.";"Similar numbers of CD11b+Ly6G+, Ly6C-CD11b+CD11c+MHC-II+, and CD4+ T cells, ↓ numbers of CD8+ T cells, and slightly but significantly ↑ numbers of CD11b+F4/80+ cells in the spleen at day 6 p.i.; similar serum IL-12p40 and ↓ IFN-g levels; ↓ ex vivo production of IL-12p40 by splenocytes from day 6 infected mice";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "IRF-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IRF-1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (40%)";"Increased on day 7";"Prolonged survival (until end of experiment day 13)";"Senaldi et al., 1999, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10586082" "IRF-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IRF-1 -/-";"yes";"25% (at the end of observation day 23)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); no detectable NOS2 mRNA expression in brain or NO2- in serum; ↓ IFN-g mRNA in liver, spleen and kidneys";"Tan et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10225884" "IRF-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IRF-1 -/-";"yes";"25% (at the end of observation day 23)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); IL-10 mRNA was ↑ on day 4 and ↓ on day 11 after infection in liver and spleen and ↓ on day 8, 11 in the kidneys; TNF-a mRNA expression was undetectable throughout the course of infection";"Tan et al., 2000, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10972849" "IRF-1/IL-12";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IRF-1 -/- + rIL-12";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak";"Earlier death (days); no detectable NOS2 mRNA expression in brain or NO2- in serum; ↑ IFN-g production by ConA-stimulated spleen cells and in serum; ↑ IFN-g mRNA expression in brain, liver, spleen and kidney";"Tan et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10225884" "IRF-1/IL-12";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IRF-1 -/- + rIL-12";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak";"Earlier death (days); IL-10 mRNA expression was similar on day 4 and unsignificantly ↓ on day 8 p.i. in the liver, ↑ at day 4 and similar at day 8 p.i. in the spleen and similar 8 days p.i. in the kidneys; TNF-a mRNA expression was undetectable throughout the course of infection";"Tan et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10972849" "IRF8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x C3H/HeJ";"IRF8 -/- (BXH2)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Similar until d9, followed by rapid increase";"No BBB leakage; no infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, CD11b+Ly6G+ granulocytes or monocytes in the brain; ↑ numbers of CD11b+Ly6G+ and CD11b+F4/80+ cells, ↓ numbers of Ly6C-CD11b+CD11c+MHC-II+ and CD8+ T cells, and similar numbers of CD4+ T cells in the spleen at day 6 p.i.; ↓ serum IL-12p40 and IFN-g levels; ↓ ex vivo production of IL-12p40 and IFN-g by splenocytes from day 6 infected mice";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "IRF8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x C3H/HeJ";"IRF8 +/- [BXH2 x B6]F1";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (~50%)";"Similar";"No infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, CD11b+Ly6G+ granulocytes or monocytes in the brain; similar numbers of CD11b+Ly6G+, CD11b+F4/80+, Ly6C-CD11b+CD11c+MHC-II+, and CD4+ T cells, and ↓ numbers of CD8+ T cells in the spleen at day 6 p.i.; ↓ serum IL-12p40 and IFN-g levels; ↓ ex vivo production of IL-12p40 and IFN-g by splenocytes from day 6 infected mice";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "Irgm1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Irgm1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "Isg15";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Isg15 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "Jak3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Jak3 -/-";"yes";"50% (at the end of observation day 18)";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "Kynurenine-3-hydroxylase";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"kynurenine-3-hydroxylase inhibitor";"yes";"none at the end of the observation perion day 21";"CM";"No CM";"Similar";"No neurologic symptoms; prolonged survival (~ 2 weeks); ↓ PA, similar QA and ↑ KA and AA levels in brain; ↑ KA:QA ratio; ↓ MIP-1a in brain";"Clark et al., 2005, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16041050" "LAG-3";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6";"anti-LAG-3";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Butler et al., 2012, Nat Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22157630" "LIGHT";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"LIGHT -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Decreased";"Similar neurologic symptoms";"Randall et al., 2008, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19017933" "LIGHT";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"LIGHT -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"Similar neurologic symptoms";"Togbe et al., 2008, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612394" "LMP7";"Plasmodium yoelii 17NL";"C57BL/6";"LMP7 -/-";"No";"No";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased peak and faster clearance";"N.I.";"Duan et al., 2013, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23527234" "LMP7";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"C57BL/6";"LMP7 -/-";"yes (100%)";"yes (40%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Improved clearance";"Similar proportion of CD69+CD4+ and CD69+CD8+ T cells, similar proportion of IFN-g+CD4+ T cells, ↓ in IFN-g+CD8+ T cells, similar splenic IFN-g mRNA, ↓ DC activation, similar phagocytosis capacity of macrophages, ↑ susceptibility of iRBC to be phagoyctosed";"Duan et al., 2013, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23527234" "LT";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"N.I.";"LT -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"Similar indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 mRNA expression in the brain";"Hansen et al., 2004, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15542091" "LTa";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"LTa -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (days); no neurological symptoms; ↓ serum NO3-; serum IFN-g non-significantly decreased; ↓ ICAM-1 on vascular endothelial cells in the brain";"Engwerda et al., 2002, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12021316" "LTa";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"LTa -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"No neurologic symptoms; ↑ levels (normal values) of [31P]-containing metabolites (phosphocreatinine (PCr), b-ATP and PCr:PME), similar levels (normal values) of phosphomonoesters (PME), and ↓ levels (normal values) of inorganic phosphate (Pi), Pi:b-ATP and Pi:PCr in brain 6-7 days p.i.; ↑ lactate, GABA and aspartate, and normal glutamate, alanine, NAA and glutamine metabolite pool sizes in brain (compared with uninfected LT-a -/- mice), however uninfected LT-a -/- mice had significantly different metabolite levels compared to uninfected WT, IFN-g -/-and TNF-a -/- mice, and brain lactate levels were ↑ but not to the same level as infected WT mice; no ↓ brain net flux of 13C from D-[1-13C]glucose into metabolic intermediates associated with Krebs cycle (normal compared to uninfected LT-a -/- mice), except for Ala C3 which did not change upon infection";"Parekh et al., 2006, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16934816" "LTa";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"LTa -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (25%)";"N.I.";"No neurological symptoms; similar thrombocytopenia and neutrophilia; ↓ anemia and lymphopenia; ↓ ICAM-1 in brain; ↓ inflammation and edema and similar parasite sequestration in lung; similar hemozoin deposition and parasite sequestration in liver";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "LTa";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"LTa -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (10- 20%)";"Increased";"No neurologic symptoms; anemia";"Togbe et al., 2008, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612394" "LTa";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"LT-a -/-";"no";"no";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Similar";"Delayed serum IFN-g and TNF-a; similar anemia and Ig titers";"Clark et al., 2007, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17266742" "LTab";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"LTab -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"No neurologic symptoms: normal bloodflow and brain morphology, no brain swelling or edema, no mononuclear cell sequestration or hemorrhaging; lung pathology: ↓ pRBC sequestration and similar thickening of alveolar septae";"Togbe et al., 2008, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612394" "LTb";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"LTb -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (70%)";"Increased";"Neurological symptoms were delayed (days); ↓ CD54+CD8+ and CD69+CD8+ T cells in brain; anemia";"Togbe et al., 2008, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612394" "LTbR";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-LTbR";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"No CM";"Delayed onset";"Prolonged survival (~ 2 weeks) only when administered before infection and 4 days p.i. (no protection with a single injection); no neurological symptoms; ↓ whole body parasite burden (PBAluc bioluminescence); ↓ parasite, macrophage and CD8+ T cell accumulation in perfused brains; similar IFN-g production by splenic NK and CD8+ T cells 3 days p.i.; similar MHCII, CD80, CD86 and CD40 expression by splenic conventional DC (cDC); similar proliferation, IFN-g and TNF-a production by parasite-specific splenic CD4+ T cells; ↓ serum TNF-a, IL-6, IFN-g and IL-10 7 days p.i.; similar annexin V staining and intracellular levels of bcl-2 in T cells, macrophages or DCs; expansion of splenic macrophages (CD11b+ Ly6C+) (also in noninfected, anti-LTbR treated mice); similar Ag uptake and processing by cDC and macrophages; similar uptake of GFP-transgenic PbA by macrophages";"Randall et al., 2008, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19017933" "LTbR";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"LTbR -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Increased";"No neurologic symptoms: normal bloodflow and brain morphology, no brain swelling or edema, no mononuclear cell sequestration or hemorrhaging; ↓ perforin+CD8+, CD54+CD8+ and CD69+CD8+ T cells in brain; lung pathology: ↓ pRBC sequestration and similar thickening of alveolar septae; similar thrombocytopenia; no platelet adherence to cerebrovascular endothelium; similar ↓ in peripheral lymphocytes; anemia; lethal irradiation of LTbR KO or WT mice and subsequent reconstitution with bone marrow from WT or LTbR KO mice could not abolish or confer protection, respectively";"Togbe et al., 2008, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612394" "LTbR";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"LTbR -/-";"♂ yes";"♂ yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar reticulocytosis and anemia; castration protects WT mice but not LTbR -/- deficient mice from a lethal infection";"Krücken et al., 2005, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16048639" "LTbR";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"LTbR -/-";"♀24%";"♀ 3 %";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Earlier increase of reticulocytosis; shorter period of anemia; similar numbers of CD4+, CD8+, B220+ and F4/80+ cells in spleen; mice became susceptible after treatment with testosterone";"Wunderlich et al., 2005, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15788153" "LTbR/testosterone";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"LTbR -/- (C57BL/6)";"testosterone";"♀3%";"♀ yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak, no clearance";"Delayed reticulocytosis and similar anemia; similar numbers of CD4+, CD8+, B220+ and F4/80+ cells in spleen;↑ IFN-g, IP-10, MCP-1, CD71, TIMP3, CTGF, BST1 and CTLA4 mRNA expression in the spleen, similar serum bilirubin, LDH, AST, ALT and ↓ AP; ↓ CCL5 and ↑ CCL2, CXCL10, CXCL9 PAI1, NF-IL3A and TIMP3 liver RNA";"Wunderlich et al., 2005, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15788153" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"RAG1-/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ (brain) and similar (lungs) ICAM-1 protein expression; ↓ P-selectin protein expression in brain and lungs";"Bauer et al., 2002, Microcirculation";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12483543" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"MF1";"RAG2 -/- (no mature T/B cells)";"yes";"yes";"CM (60-80%)";"No CM";"similar";"Prolonged survival (> 30 days); no neurological symptoms";"Miyakoda et al., 2008, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18606696" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"RAG2 -/-";"adoptively transfered CD8 + T cells from WT mice";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Nitcheu et al., 2003, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574396" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"RAG2 -/-";"adoptively transfered CD8 + T cells from PFP -/- mice";"yes";"yes";"No CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Nitcheu et al., 2003, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574396" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"RAG2 -/- (no mature T/B cells)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks)";"Nitcheu et al., 2003, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574396" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6-SCID-SzJ";"no T/B cells";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"No neurological symptoms";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"SCID (BALB/c were used as controls)";"no T/B cells";"yes";"N.I.";"Liver pathology";"No liverpathology";"N.I.";"↓ serum GPT (ALT); no liver injury";"Adachi et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11698470" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"SCID (C57BL/6 were used as controls)";"no T/B cells";"yes";"N.I.";"Liver pathology";"No liverpathology";"N.I.";"No liver injury; no cytotoxicity by hepatic NK cells against hepatocytes";"Adachi et al., 2004, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15096477" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"C57BL/6 x CBA";"anti-m-chain from birth (no B cells)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed a chronic low parasitemia";"Resistant to a secondary infection with P. chabaudi adami 556 KA or P. vinckei, but not to P. yoelii 17XNL or P. berghei";"Grun et al., 1981, Nature";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6970898" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"BALB/c-nu/+";"BALB/c-nu/nu";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed a high persistent parasitemia";"Resistant to a secondary infection with P. chabaudi adami 556 KA or P. vinckei, but not to P. yoelii 17XNL or P. berghei";"Grun et al., 1981, Nature";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6970898" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"CB-17-SCID (genetically histocompatible with BALB/cHSD)";"Adoptive transfer of immune T cells";"yes";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Spontaneous decline and clearance";"Resolved infection; developed high levels of splenic CD4+ and gd T cells";"Van der Heyde et al., 1993, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7902376" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"CB-17-SCID (genetically histocompatible with BALB/cHSD)";"Adoptive transfer of immune T cells + anti-CD8";"yes";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Spontaneous decline and clearance";"Resolved infection; developed high levels of splenic CD4+ and gd T cells";"Van der Heyde et al., 1993, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7902376" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"CB-17-SCID (genetically histocompatible with BALB/cHSD)";"Adoptive transfer of immune T cells + anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Developed low levels of splenic CD4+ and gd T cells";"Van der Heyde et al., 1993, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7902376" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"BALB/cHSD";"anti-m-chain from birth";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed a chronic low parasitemia";"↑ gd T cells (mostly CD4-CD8-) and similar numbers of ab T cells in spleen";"Van der heyde et al., 1996, J Leukoc Biol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8773584" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"m-BCR -/- (m-MT)";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed a chronic low parasitemia";"↑ gd T cells (mostly CD4-CD8-) and similar numbers of ab T cells in spleen";"Van der heyde et al., 1996, J Leukoc Biol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8773584" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"C57BL/6J x 129";"JH-gene segment -/- (JHD -/-)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Slightly delayed and developed a chronic, low parasitemia";"↑ gd T cells (mostly CD4-CD8-) and similar numbers of ab T cells in spleen; ↑ gd T cells and similar ab T cells in cell-cycle during acute parasitemia (determines the proliferative response); treatment with immune serum ↓ parasitemia";"Van der heyde et al., 1996, J Leukoc Biol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8773584" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"RAG1-/-";"No";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased on day 9";"↓ sequestration in livers (day 5 and day 9 p.i.) and spleen (day 5 p.i.), but not in the lungs; ↓ serum ALT levels; ; similar albumin levels in BAL fluid; similar tubular dilatation and plasma creatinine levels and ↑ plasma urea levels";"Brugat et al., 2013, Cell Microbiol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24003897" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium vinckei petteri CR";"C57BL/6J x 129";"JH-gene segment -/- (JHD -/-)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↑ gd T cells and similar numbers of CD4+ ab T cells in spleen";"Van der heyde et al., 1996, J Leukoc Biol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8773584" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"BALB/c-SCID";"no T/B cells";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hisaeda et al., 2004, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14702631" "Lymphocytes";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c";"SCID (No T/B cells)";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Earlier increase, no clearance";"N.I.";"Hisaeda et al., 2004, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14702631" "Mannose receptors";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"mannan";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"↓ phagocytosis of pRBCs and free merozoites";"Su et al., 2002, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12402202" "meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA)";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"+ DMSA (structural analogue of CysH, prophylactic treatment)";"♂ yes (100%); ♀ yes (25%)";"♂ yes (100%); ♀ yes (25%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Min-Oo et al., 2010, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20219464" "MHC-II";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IA-b -/- (↓MHC-II → ↓ CD4)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar on day 5";"Prolonged survival (days)";"Nie et al., 2009, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19343215" "MHC-II";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"A -/- (↓MHC-II → ↓ CD4) + anti-NK1.1";"yes";"yes";"CM (91%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "MHC-II";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"A -/- or Ii -/- (↓MHC-II → ↓ CD4)";"yes";"yes";"CM (84%)";"CM (44%)";"Similar";"Similar hematocrit levels and neurological symptoms";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "MHC-II";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"MHC-II -/-(↓ CD4)";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"N.I.";"Similar liver injury, serum ALT levels and hepatic DX5+CD3+ cells; ↓ cytotoxicity by hepatic lymphocytes against hepatocytes";"Adachi et al., 2004, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15096477" "MHC-II/CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"A -/- (↓MHC-II → ↓ CD4) + anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"CM (50%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759746" "MHC-II/CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"A -/- or Ii -/- (↓MHC-II → ↓ CD4) + anti-CD4";"yes";"N.I.";"CM (84%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "MHC-II/IP-10";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"IA-b -/- (↓MHC-II → ↓ CD4) + anti-IP-10";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar on day 5";"Prolonged survival (days)";"Nie et al., 2009, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19343215" "Microparticle (MP)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J";"MP formation inhibitor (pantethine)";"yes";"60-70% (at the end of observation day 20)";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Similar";"No neurological symptoms; prolonged survival (1-3 weeks); no↑ in circulating MP; ↓ plasma TNF-a; ↓ dose or treatment for a shorter period led to partial protection; ↓ PS-exposure on platelet and RBC membrane; ↓ platelet binding to fibrinogen after incubation with thrombin; ↓ platelet adhesion to collagen; preserved redox status as observed by ↓ amount of –SH moieties on the platelet membrane";"Penet et al., 2008, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18195363" "MMP-9";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"MMP-9 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (90%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Van den Steen et al., 2006, Lab Invest";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16865090" "MMP/TACE";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"Broad-spectrum MMP/TACE inhibitor";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Mice died 1 day later";"Van den Steen et al., 2006, Lab Invest";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16865090" "Monocyte/Macrophages";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"Chemical depletion of macrophages from spleen and liver (early treatment) (lip-Cl2MDP)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (50-75%)";"N.I.";"No cerebral symptoms; no hypothermia";"Curfs et al., 1993, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8414666" "Monocyte/Macrophages";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"Chemical depletion of macrophages from spleen and liver (late treatment) (lip-Cl2MDP)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Curfs et al., 1993, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8414666" "Monocyte/Macrophages";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"Chemical depletion of macrophages from spleen and liver (early treatment) (lip-Cl2MDP)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (30-40%)";"N.I.";"No cerebral symptoms; no hypothermia";"Curfs et al., 1993, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8414666" "Monocyte/Macrophages";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"A/J";"Chemical activation of macrophages (early treatment) (liposomal MDP-GDP)";"100%";"100%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased";"N.I.";"Stevenson et al., 1989, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2555763" "Monocyte/Macrophages";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"A/J";"Chemical activation of macrophages (late treatment) (liposomal MDP-GDP)";"100%";"25%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased";"N.I.";"Stevenson et al., 1989, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2555763" "Monocyte/Macrophages";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"Chemical depletion of macrophages (silica)";"no";"40-70%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed clearance (exp1); increased peak (exp2)";"N.I.";"Stevenson et al., 1989, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2555763" "MyD88";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"MyD88 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (46.15%)";"Similar";"No red blood cell and leukocyte sequestration in brain microvasculature; no endothelial cell detachment; ↓ hemozoin accumulation in brain vessels; ↓ granzyme B, CCL3 and lipocalin 2 mRNA in brain; ↓ CD4+, CD8+, CCR5+, CD11c+, B220+ and NK1.1+ cells in brain; ↓ serum IL-12p40, IFN-g and TNF-a";"Coban et al., 2007, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17135446" "MyD88";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"MyD88 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Similar neurologic symptoms, thrombocytopenia, neutrophilia and lymphopenia; ↓ anemia; similar ICAM-1 in brain; similar inflammation, edema and parasite sequestration in lung; similar hemozoin deposition and parasite sequestration in liver";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "MyD88";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"BALB/c";"MyD88 -/-";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"No liverpathology";"Similar";"Similar serum IL-18; ↓ serum IL-12p40 and GPT (ALT); no liver injury; similar infiltration of lymphocytes in liver";"Adachi et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11698470" "MyD88";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"MyD88 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar up-regulation of CD40, CD86 and MHC class II, decreased production of TNF-a and IL-12p70, no degradation of IkB-a and no translocation of NF-kB to the nucleus after incubation of MyD88 -/- DCs with P. berghei or P. chabaudi schizonts; Decreased expression of CD40, CD80 and CD86 on splenic DCs isolated from P. berghei-infected mice 6 days p.i. and P. chabaudi-infected mice 7 days p.i.";"Seixas et al., 2009, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19585512" "MyD88";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"MyD88 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Less severe hypothermia and no weight loss; resistant to a secondary infection; ↑ IgG1 and similar IgG2a levels; ↓ TNF-a and IFN-g and similar MCP-1 production by splenocytes (in vitro) and in the serum (in vivo) 8 days p.i.; ↓ production of IL-1a, IL-6 (only by DC), TNF-a and IL-12 by CD11b+ macrophages and CD11c+ DC cells in spleen; similar expression of CD40 and CD86 by DC (similar maturation status), ↓ number of ab TCR+, CD4+ and NK cells producing IFN-g and TNF-a; ↓ % op CD25+ and CD69+ CD4+ T cells";"Franklin et al., 2007, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537666" "MyD88";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"N.I.";"MyD88 -/-";"no";"37.5%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased";"↓ serum IL-12p40 and similar IL-18 6 days p.i.; similar number of CD62Llow+CD4+ and CD69+CD4+ T cells in the spleen 6 days p.i.; no difference in [3H]thymidine uptake upon stimulation of splenocytes with anti-CD3; ↓ production of IL-12p40, IFN-g and similar IL-10 after stimulation of splenocytes isolated 6 days p.i. with anti-CD3 (similar IFN-g and IL-10 production compared to IL-18 -/-)";"Cramer et al., 2008, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692153" "NADPH oxidase";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"gp91phox -/- (no ROS)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Faster increase";"N.I.";"Sanni et al., 1999, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9841842" "NADPH oxidase";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"C57BL/6";"p47phox-/- (no ROI produced by the NADPH oxidase pathway)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Putative function of ROI was not masked by antibody-mediated immunity as B cell deficient p47phox -/- mice displayed similar parasitemias";"Gillman et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15501765" "NADPH oxidase/B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"JH -/- (C57BL/6J x 129)";"p47phox-/- (no ROI produced by the NADPH oxidase pathway)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Gillman et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15501765" "NADPH oxidase/NOS2";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"C57BL/6";"p47phox-/- x NOS2-/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Gillman et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15501765" "NADPH oxidase/NOS2/XO";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"p47phox-/- x NOS2-/- (C57BL/6)";"xanthine oxidase inhibitor";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Non-significantly increased peak";"N.I.";"Gillman et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15501765" "NADPH oxidase/XO";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"p47phox -/- (C57BL/6)";"xanthine oxidase inhibitor";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"N.I.";"Gillman et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15501765" "NADPH oxidase/XO/B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"JH -/- x p47phox -/- (C57BL/6J x 129)";"xanthine oxidase inhibitor";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"N.I.";"Gillman et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15501765" "Neutrophils + eosinophils";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-Gr-1 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Belnoue et al., 2003, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12761155" "Neutrophils + eosinophils";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/NSlc";"anti-Gr-1 (day - 1)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (10%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~ 2 weeks); ↓ cerebral hemorrhages; ↓ sequestration of monocytes and pRBCs; similar anemia; PMNs start to increase again 4 days p.i. in peripheral blood; similar TNF-a, IFN-g, IL-10 mRNA and ↓ IL-2, IL-12p40, IL-4 mRNA in the spleen; IL-4 and IL-10 undetectable in brain; no IL-12p40 and ↓ IL-2, IFN-g and TNF-a mRNA in the brain";"Chen et al., 2000, Clin Exp Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10759773" "Neutrophils + eosinophils";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/NSlc";"anti-Gr-1 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Chen et al., 2000, Clin Exp Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10759773" "Neutrophils + eosinophils";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-Gr-1 (late treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (85-90%)";"CM (40%)";"Similar";"Delayed mortality; Blood: ↓ blood leukocytes; no neutrophils; similar serum TNF-a, IgG and platelet count; Brain: ↓ edema; ↓ monocytes sequestration; ↑ micro-hemorrhages; ↓ injected aggregated albumine; similar platelet sequestration; Lung: ↓ edema; ↓ myeloperoxidase activity (neutrophil enzyme); ↓ monocytes sequestration; similar platelet sequestration; Other organs: no effect on liver pathology; ↑ micro-hemorrhages in skin";"Senaldi et al., 1994, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8132319" "NK cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-asialo GM1";"yes";"80% (at the end of observation day 15)";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Increased on day 6";"Prolonged survival (~ 1 week); similar naïve and activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in spleen; ↓ sequestration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the brain; ↓ CXCR3+ T cells in the spleen; ↓ chemotactic response of T cells to IP-10 and T cell migration to the brain could be partially restored by adoptive transfer of IFN-g +/+ NK cells but not by IFN-g -/- NK cells; adoptively transferred IFN-g +/+, but not IFN-g -/- NK cells, were able to migrate into the brain of infected animals";"Hansen et al., 2007, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17442962" "NK cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"anti-asialo GM1";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Earlier death (1-2 weeks); similar IFN-g protein in the liver 3 days p.i.";"Saeftel et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688111" "NK cells";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6";"anti-asialo GM1";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar plasma IFN-g and splenic IFN-g mRNA expression 24h p.i.";"Mitchell et al., 2005, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16113282" "NK cells";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"Beige mutation (bg/ bg) (defect in NK cell cytotoxicity)";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"N.I.";"Similar liver injury and serum ALT levels";"Adachi et al., 2004, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15096477" "NK cells";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"Beige mutation (bg/ bg) (defect in NK cell cytotoxicity)";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"More abrupt incline";"Earlier mortality (~ 1 week)";"Solomon et al., 1985, Immunol Lett";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3891603" "NK cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-asialo GM1";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak and increased recrudescences";"N.I.";"Mohan et al., 1997, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9366426" "NK cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6-bg/+";"Beige mutation (bg/ bg) (defect in NK cell cytotoxicity)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"↓ in vitro NK cell cytotoxicity and similar IFN-g and TNF-a secretion by enriched NK cells";"Mohan et al., 1997, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9366426" "NK cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6-bg/+";"Bg/bg + anti-IFN-g + anti-TNF-a";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Earlier and increased peak";"N.I.";"Mohan et al., 1997, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9366426" "NK cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6-bg/+";"Beige mutation (bg/ bg) (defect in NK cell cytotoxicity)";"10%";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Skamene et al., 1983, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6657294" "NK cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c x C57BL/6";"anti-asialo GM1";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ IFN-g and similar TNF-a protein levels in the spleen 24h p.i.";"De Souza et al., 1997, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9125535" "NK/NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"NKC complex BALB/c (B6.BALB/c-Cmv1s)";"yes";"90% (at the end of observation day 17)";"CM (100%)";"CM (90%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hansen et al., 2003, Immunity";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12648456" "NK/NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"NKC complex C57BL/6 (BALB.B6-Cmv1r)";"20% (at the end of observation day 17)";"50% (at the end of observation day 16)";"CM (20%)";"CM (50%)";"Similar";"Sequestration of pRBC and macrophages in cerebral vasculature; depletion of NK cells by anti-asialo GM1 treatment did not reverse the increased susceptibility to CM (40 % survival); ↑ % of CD44+Vb8+ and NK1.1+abTCR+ cells in spleen early during infection; adoptive transfer of CD44+Vb8+ NKT cells from BALB/c.B6-Cmv1r mice into BALB/c mice ↑ susceptibility to CM (33.4 %) and adoptive transfer of CD44+Vb8+ NKT cells from BALB/c mice into BALB/c.B6-Cmv1r mice ↓ susceptibility to CM (25 %); naïve CD44+Vb8+ NKT cells produced similar IL-4 and IFN-g when stimulated with anti-CD3 and ↑ IFN-g when stimulated with anti-NK1.1 (in vitro); similar proliferation and IL-4 production and no downregulation of IFN-g production later in infection when infected CD44+Vb8+ NKT cells were stimulated with a-GalCer; similar intracellular IL-4 and ↑ IFN-g production (ex vivo) by CD44+Vb8+ NKT cells; differential expression of NKC markers such as NK1.1 and members of the Ly49 gene superfamily, similar expression of NKG2A/C/E and Ly49C/I";"Hansen et al., 2003, Immunity";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12648456" "NK/NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"NKC complex C57BL/6 (BALB.B6-Cmv1r)";"20% (at the end of observation day 17)";"54% (at the end of observation day 16)";"CM (20%)";"CM (54%)";"Similar";"Sequestration of pRBC and macrophages in cerebral vasculature; ↑ pulmonary edema and anemia; similar serum TNF-a; ↑ serum IFN-g throughout infection and ↓ TGF-b 14 days p.i.; ↑ mRNA expression of IFN-g and IFN-g-inducible genes in spleen (eg. IFN-g inducible GTPases, chemokines,…); ↑ IgM and ↓ IgG (total and parasite specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3) titers during the second week of infection";"Hansen et al., 2005, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15784573" "NK/NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-NK1.1";"yes";"yes";"CM (91%)";"CM (91%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Yañez et al., 1996, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8759747" "NK/NKT cells";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"anti-NK1.1";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"N.I.";"Similar liver injury";"Adachi et al., 2004, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15096477" "NKT cell";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"CD1d -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ splenomegaly:↓ BrdU+B220+ cells and similar numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells; ↓ proliferative response after adoptive transfer of B cells from WT mice; ↓ parasite-specific serum IgM, total IgG and IgG1 titers, ↑ IgG2a titers and similar IgG2b and IgG3; similar number of CD69+, B7-1+ and B7-2+B220+ cells in spleen; no downregulation of IFN-g and no switch towards IL-4 production by splenocytes or isolated CD4+ T cells (isolated 7 days p.i.) after in vitro stimulation with anti-CD3; ↓ anti-MSP19 antibody response 7 days after the first infection and 14 days after the second challenge";"Hansen et al., 2003, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12938235" "NKT cell";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"CD1d -/-";"yes";"80% (at the end of observation day 14)";"CM (100%)";"CM (80%)";"Similar";"↓ serum IFN-g; similar serum TNF-a; ↓ proliferative response and IFN-g production by CD4+ T cells in vitro after stimulation with parasite lysate or anti-CD3 at early time-points (day 3) and similar IL-4 production";"Hansen et al., 2003, Immunity";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12648456" "NKT cell";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"CD1d -/-";"20% (at the end of observation day 18)";"60% (at the end of observation day 18)";"CM (20%)";"CM (60%)";"Similar";"Developed neurological symptoms; ↑ serum IFN-g and TNF-a; ↑ proliferative response and IFN-g production and similar IL-4 production by CD4+ T cells after in vitro stimulation with parasite lysate at early time-points (day 3); similar proliferative response, no downregulation of IFN-g and no switch towards IL-4 production by splenocytes or isolated CD4+ T cells after in vitro stimulation with anti-CD3 later during infection (day 7)";"Hansen et al., 2003, Immunity";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12648456" "NKT cell";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6";"CD1d -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar plasma IFN-g and splenic IFN-g mRNA expression 24h p.i.";"Mitchell et al., 2005, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16113282" "Nlrc4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Nlrc4 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "Nlrp3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Nlrp3 -/-";"56% (at the end of observation day 20)";"27% (at the end of observation day 20)";"CM (56%)";"CM (27%)";"Similar";"↓ leukocyte infiltration, ↓ damaged endothelial cells and ↓ CD45-staining in brain";"Dostert et al., 2009, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19652710" "Nlrp3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"N.I.";"Nlrp3 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Slightly delayed death (~ 2 days); similar serum levels of IFN-g, IL-10, TNF, IL-1b and IL-6; similar mRNA expression of IP-10, P-selectin and ICAM-1 in the brain; similar up-regulation of CD69 and down-regulation of CD62L on T-cells; similar frequency of IFN-g-producing CD4+ T cells";"Reimer et al., 2010, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19950187" "Nod1Nod2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Nod1Nod2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Similar plasma IFN-g, IL-6 and TNF-a; ↓ plasma IL-1b, MCP-1 (CCL2) and KC (CXCL1-3)";"Finney et al., 2009, Am J Trop Med Hyg";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19407112" "NOS2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129Sv/Ev";"NOS inhibitor";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"similar";"N.I.";"Favre et al., 1999, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10028526" "NOS2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129Sv/Ev";"NOS2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"similar";"N.I.";"Favre et al., 1999, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10028526" "NOS2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"NO donor or + NO gas";"yes";"20% (at the end of observation day 12)";"CM (100%)";"CM (20%)";"similar";"No neurological symptoms; restored cGMP brain levels; ↓ plasma IL-18, sCD40 and MMP-9; similar IL-1b, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-g and TIMP-1";"Gramaglia et al., 2006, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17099710" "NOS2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"NOS2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"similar";"N.I.";"Gramaglia et al., 2006, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17099710" "NOS2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J";"NOS inhibitor";"yes";"yes";"CM (76%)";"CM (76%)";"similar";"N.I.";"Kremsner et al., 1993, Immunology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8473017" "NOS2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c";"NOS2 inhibitor";"50%";"100%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Saeftel et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688111" "NOS2";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"C57BL/6";"NOS2 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Putative function of NO was not masked by antibody-mediated immunity as B cell deficient NOS2 -/- mice displayed similar parasitemias";"Gillman et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15501765" "NOS2";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"C57BL/6";"NOS2 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"↓ serum NOx levels 14 days p.i.";"Van der Heyde et al., 2000, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10975849" "NOS2";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"C57BL/6";"NOS2 inhibitor";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Van der Heyde et al., 2000, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10975849" "NOS2";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"MF1";"NOS inhibitor";"10%";"25%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar body weight, locomotor activity, liver size and splenomegaly";"Dascombe et al., 2003, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12911523" "NOS2";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6 x 129Sv/Ev";"NOS2 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar anemia; ↓ leukocytosis";"Favre et al., 1999, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10028527" "NOS2";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6 x 129Sv/Ev";"NOS inhibitor";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar anemia; ↓ leukocytosis";"Favre et al., 1999, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10028527" "NOS2";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH";"NOS inhibitor";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"N.I.";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1993, Science";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8100366" "NOS2";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"C57BL/6J";"NOS inhibitor";"yes";"80% (at the end of observation day 15)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"No effect on the outcome of infection";"Kobayashi et al., 2000, J Vet Med Sci";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10907683" "NOS2/B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"JH -/- (C57BL/6J x 129)";"NOS2 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Gillman et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15501765" "NOS2/B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"JHD (129 x C57BL/6)";"NOS2 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"↓ serum NOx levels on day 10 and 20 p.i.";"Van der Heyde et al., 2000, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10975849" "NOS2/XO";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"NOS2 -/- (C57BL/6)";"xanthine oxidase inhibitor";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"N.I.";"Gillman et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15501765" "NOS2/XO/B cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"JH -/- x NOS2 -/- (C57BL/6J x 129)";"xanthine oxidase inhibitor";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"N.I.";"Gillman et al., 2004, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15501765" "NOS3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"NOS3 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"similar";"N.I.";"Gramaglia et al., 2006, Nat Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17099710" "NOS3";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"C57BL/6";"NOS3 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar serum NOx levels 14 days p.i.";"Van der Heyde et al., 2000, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10975849" "P2X7R";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"N.I.";"P2X7R -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Reimer et al., 2010, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19950187" "PAFR";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"PAFR -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (40%)";"Similar";"Recovered from weight loss at the time point when WT mice succumbed; ↓ microvascular obstruction; no cerebral hemorrhages; similar leukocyte rolling and adhesion; ↓ pro-IL-1b and CCL2/MCP-1 and similar ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-10, CXCL10/IP-10 and CCL5/RANTES mRNA levels in the brain; ↓ brain caspase-3 activation and ↓ caspase-3+ cells; no edema; ↓ CD8+ T cells and less decrease in CD62L on CD8+ T cells";"Lacerda-Queiroz et al., 2012, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22079430" "PAFR";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"PAFR selective antagonist (UK74,505)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (40-75%)";"Similar";"Recovered from weight loss at the time point when WT mice succumbed";"Lacerda-Queiroz et al., 2012, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22079430" "Pantethine";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"+ pantethine (structural analogue of CysH, prophylactic treatment)";"♂ yes (100%); ♀ yes (70%)";"♂ yes (100%); ♀ yes (60%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Min-Oo et al., 2010, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20219464" "PARP-1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/Sv";"PARP -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (95%)";"CM (80%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Hempel et al., 2011, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21854739" "PD-L1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-PD-L1";"yes";"yes";"CM (~30%)";"CM (91%)";"Similar";"↑ numbers of CD8+ T cells in the brain; ↑ frequency of brain petechial hemorrhages; ↑ proportion of vessels plugged with iRBCs; ↑ numbers of pigmented (parasite-containing) macrophages in the liver; ↑ whole body, head and isolated brain parasite burdens (↑ bioluminescence of luciferase-expressing parasites);↑ proportion of activated CD8+ T cells in the spleen; ↑ plasma IFN-g, MCP-1/CCL2 and IL-10 and similar TNF and IL-6; ↑ secretion of IFN-g by stimulated CD4+ T cells and ↑ IFN-g secretion by stimulated CD8+ T cells;";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "PD-L1";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6";"anti-PD-L1";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased";"N.I.";"Butler et al., 2012, Nat Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22157630" "PD-L1/CD4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-PD-L1 + anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"CM (~30%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "PD-L1/CD8";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-PD-L1 + anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"CM (~30%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "PD-L1/IFN-g";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-PD-L1 + anti-IFN-g";"yes";"yes";"CM (~30%)";"No CM";"";"N.I.";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "PD-L1/LAG-3";"Plasmodium chabaudi";"C57BL/6";"anti-PD-L1 + anti-LAG-3";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar peak and no recrudescences (complete parasite elimination)";"N.I.";"Butler et al., 2012, Nat Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22157630" "PD-L1/LAG-3";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6";"anti-PD-L1 + anti-LAG-3";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased";"PD-L1 and LAG-3 synergistically decrease parasitemia; ↑ numbers of splenic parasite-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, IFN-g+TNF+ and IFN-g+IL-2+ parasite-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, follicular CD4+ T cells, plasmablasts, CD19+B220+ B cells, PNA+ germinal-center B cells; improved splenic architecture with preservation of IgM+ B cell follicles and enhanced PNA+ germinal center formation; ↑ titers of MSP-1(19)-specific IgGs after immunization with a human malaria vaccine candidate MSP-1(19); ↑ parasite clearance in mice recieving serum from PD-L1 and LAG-3 depleted mice when mice were challenged with P. yoelii";"Butler et al., 2012, Nat Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22157630" "PD-L1/LAG-3";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"Swiss Webster";"anti-PD-L1 + anti-LAG-3";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Decreased";"N.I.";"Butler et al., 2012, Nat Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22157630" "PD-L1/TNF";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-PD-L1 + anti-TNF";"yes";"yes";"CM (~30%)";"CM (~80%)";"";"N.I.";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "PD-L2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/cAnNCrl";"anti-PD-L2";"yes";"yes";"CM (";"CM (";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hafalla et al., 2012, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319445" "Perforin (PFP)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"PFP -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks); similar edema, sequestration of pRBCs and accumulation of CD44+CD62L- CD4 and CD8 T cells in the brain; adoptively transfered splenocytes from infected WT mice migrate to the brain and induce CM; adoptively transfered CD8+ cells from infected WT mice, but not from infected PFP -/- mice, induce CM in RAG2 -/- mice (lack peripheral T and B cells); ↓ cytolytic activity of IFN-g producing CD8+ cells; similar expression of CXCR3, CXCR4, CCR2 and CCR5 on CD8+ cells";"Nitcheu et al., 2003, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574396" "Perforin (PFP)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"N.I.";"PFP -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"Similar";"No brain edema or hemorrhages; similar sequestration of leukocytes in brain microvasculature; similar endothelial staining of fibrinogen but no leakage of fibrinogen in brain parenchyma; ↓ mRNA expression of granzyme B, ↑ mRNA expression of CD8 and similar mRNA expression of CD4 (no increase) in brain; no TUNEL/isolectin double positive cells in retinae";"Potter et al., 2006, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16500656" "Perforin (PFP)";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"C57BL/6";"PFP -/-";"yes";"N.I.";"Liver pathology";"No liverpathology";"N.I.";"↓ serum GPT (ALT); no liver injury; similar lymphocyte infiltration in liver";"Adachi et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11698470" "PGI2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"synthetic PGI2 analog";"yes";"yes";"CM (75%)";"CM (8%)";"Similar";"No neurological symptoms; prolonged survival (~ 2-3 weeks), ↓ serum TNF-a (only 3 mice/group → no statistics performed)";"Sliwa et al., 1991, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1716616" "Plasmacytoid DCs";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"129 Sv/Ev";"anti-pDC (120G8)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar weight loss and hypothermia";"Voisine et al., 2010, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19968996" "Plasmin";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"aprotinin (serine protease inhibitor)";"yes";"40% (at the end of observation day 15)";"CM (100%)";"CM (40%)";"N.I.";"Prolonged survival (until end of observation); ↓ thrombocytopenia";"Piguet et al., 2000, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10858190" "Platelets";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"+ anti-platelet (anti-GPIb) or platelet inhibitor (Clopidogrel) (day -1)";"yes";"yes";"CM (80-100%)";"CM (80-100%)";"Increased on day 5";"↓ plasma concentrations of serum amyloids A and P and IL-1b";"Aggrey et al., 2013, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23536632" "Platelets";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"+ anti-platelet (anti-GPIb) or platelet inhibitor (Clopidogrel) (day 1)";"yes";"yes";"CM (80-100%)";"CM (20%)";"N.I.";"Similar plasma concentrations of serum amyloids A and P and IL-1b";"Aggrey et al., 2013, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23536632" "Platelets";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"+ anti-platelet (anti-GPIb) (day -1) + serum amyloid P (rSAP)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"Delayed mortality (days) compared to the platelet depleted mice without rSAP treatment";"Aggrey et al., 2013, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23536632" "Platelets";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J";"anti-platelet";"yes";"yes";"CM (97%)";"CM (31,5%)";"N.I.";"Anti-platelet (LFA-1+) antibodies prevented CM even when administered on day 6";"Grau et al., 1993, Eur Cytokine Netw";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7910490" "Platelets";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"anti-platelet (anti-GPIb) or platelet inhibitors (acetylsalisyllic acid (ASA) or Clopidogrel (day 1)";"60% (at the end of observation day 10)";"20% (at the end of observation day 10)";"CM (60%)";"CM (20%)";"N.I.";"Anti-platelet therapy starting 3 days p.i. did not improve survival; mice treated with ASA had ↓ number of brain T cell infiltrates compared to control (non-infected) mice";"Srivastava et al., 2008, Cell Host Microbe";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692777" "Scavenger receptors";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"Scavenger receptor blockage by Poly(I)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Earlier increase in parasitemia, increased peak and similar parasite clearance";"↓ phagocytosis of free merozoites (only slight ↓in pRBC phagocytosis); similar serum IL-12p40";"Su et al., 2002, J Infect Dis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12402202" "sFLT1 (sVEGFR)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"DBA/2";"sFLT1-expressing adenovirusses";"yes";"yes";"ALI (70%) or HP&A (30%)";"ALI (17%) or HP&A (83%)";"N.I.";"↓ mortality from ALI (18% vs 70%); ↑ sFLT1 expression; ↓ serum VEGF";"Epiphanio et al., 2010, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20502682" "SOCS1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"SOCS1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"No CM";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (2-3 days); no neurologic symptoms; lympocytic infiltrates in muscle and lungs; ↓ splenic cellularity; ↓CD4:CD8 T cell ratio compared to WT mice, but similar as in uninfected KO mice";"Bullen et al., 2003, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12911518" "SOCS1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"SOCS1 +/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"CM (80%)";"Similar";"Similar neurological symptoms";"Bullen et al., 2003, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12911518" "SOCS2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"SOCS2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Bullen et al., 2003, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12911518" "Stat1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Stat1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Berghout et al., 2013, PLoS Pathog";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23853600" "T cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"BALB/c-nu/+";"Nude mice (nu/nu): no thymus thus no mature T cells";"yes";"yes";"CM (70%)";"No CM";"A less abrupt incline";"Prolonged survival (~ 2 weeks); slower progression of anemia; similar parasite-specific and total IgM titers; delayed and ↓ parasite-specific and total IgG titers; ↑ serum C3 levels; ↓ immune complexes in serum";"Finley et al., 1982, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6749988" "T cells";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/J, CBA/Ca";"AT x BM (no thymus: no mature T cells)";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"No CM";"Similar";"↓ serum IgM and IgG; protection was abrogated after reconstitution with CD4+ T cells (partially restored IgM + IgG levels), but not after reconstitution with CD8+ T cells";"Grau et al., 1986, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3093572" "T cells";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"Thymectomy + anti-CD4 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (25%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "T cells";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/10";"Thymectomy + anti-CD4 (early treatment)";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (27%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6NCrlBR";"anti-Thy-1";"no";"36.4%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak and developed a high, persistent parasitemia";"The high, persistent parasitemia coincided with the high level of reticulocytosis";"Podoba et al., 1991, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1898902" "T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH";"Thymectomy + anti-CD4";"no";"75-100%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Developed a high persistent parasitemia";"Serum NO3- low and similar to untreated and uninfected mice";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1993, Science";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8100366" "T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH, thymectomy + anti-CD4";"CD4+ splenic T cells from normal mice";"75-100%";"40%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"↑ serum NO3- during peak parasitemia";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1993, Science";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8100366" "T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH, thymectomy + anti-CD4";"TH1 cells from infected mice";"75-100%";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar peak, parasite clearance after 1 recrudescence";"↑ serum NO3- during peak parasitemia; ↑ IgM; detection of IgG2a during peak and recrudescent parasitemia; anti-IgG treatment ↑ recrudescent parasitemia";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1993, Science";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8100366" "T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH, thymectomy + anti-CD4";"TH1 cells from infected mice + NOS inhibitor";"75-100%";"75-100%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar (No NO3- in serum during peak parasitemia); increase in IgG2a levels abrogated compared to Th1 reconstituted mice without NOS inhibitor; IgM not affected by NOS inhibitor";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1993, Science";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8100366" "T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH, thymectomy + anti-CD4";"TH2 cells from infected mice";"75-100%";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar peak, parasite clearance after 1 recrudescence";"Similar (No NO3- in serum during peak parasitemia); no ↑ IgM and detection of IgG1 during peak and recrudescent parasitemia; survival was abrogated by anti-IgG and anti-IgG1 treatment, but not by treatment with anti-IgG2a";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1993, Science";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8100366" "T cells";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH, thymectomy + anti-CD4";"TH2 cells from infected mice + NOS inhibitor";"75-100%";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar peak, parasite clearance after 1 recrudescence";"Similar (No NO3- in serum during peak parasitemia); similar IgG1 levels compared to Th2 reconstituted mice without NOS inhibitor";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1993, Science";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8100366" "T cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c-nu/+";"Nude mice (nu/nu): no thymus thus no mature T cells";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ IFN-g and similar IL-4 and TNF-a protein levels in the spleen 24h p.i.; ↑ parasite inoculum was necessary to induce IFN-g production in spleen";"De Souza et al., 1997, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9125535" "T cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c";"Nude mice (nu/nu): no thymus thus no mature T cells";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased without clearance";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "T cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c-nu/nu";"Adoptive transfer of immune CD4+ splenocytes";"yes";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Spontaneous parasite clearance";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "T cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c-nu/nu";"Adoptive transfer of immune CD8+ splenocytes";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "T cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/10SnJ";"Nude mice (nu/nu): no thymus thus no mature T cells";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No parasite clearance";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "T cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/10SnJ-nu/nu";"Adoptive transfer of unfractionated immune splenocytes";"yes";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Spontaneous parasite clearance";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "T cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/10SnJ-nu/nu";"Adoptive transfer of unfractionated immune splenocytes + anti-CD8";"yes";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Spontaneous parasite clearance";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "T cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/10SnJ-nu/nu";"Adoptive transfer of unfractionated immune splenocytes + anti-CD4";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Vinetz et al., 1990, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1967271" "T cells";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/cAnN";"Nude mice (nu/nu): no thymus thus no mature T cells";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased without clearance";"Thymus grafting from birth protected nude mice from a lethal infection; ↑ IgG1, IgG2 and similar IgM levels before and after infection";"Weinbaum et al., 1976, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/136472" "T cells/CD8";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"Thymectomy + anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (14%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "T cells/CD8";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/10";"Thymectomy + anti-CD8";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011069" "T cells/CD8";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"NIH";"Thymectomy + anti-CD8";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Taylor-Robinson et al., 1993, Science";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8100366" "Taurine";"Plasmodium chabaudi (N.I.)";"129/SvJ x C57BL/6";"Taut -/-";"10%";"yes";"Anemia";"Multiple organ dysfunction";"Increased peak";"All mice died between day 8 and 13 p.i. of MOD (brain, liver, lung and kidney pathology); ↓ circulating taurine levels; similar AST, ALT, bile acid and bilirubin; ↑ plasma ammonia levels; ↑ serum TNF-a and IL-1b; liver: necrotic areas and inflammation; hypertrophic Kuppfer cells with more Hz; no reduction in particle trapping capacity; ↑ IL-1b, TNF-a, IL-6, iNOS, NF-KB, VDR and similar CYP3A11, SULT2B1, UGT1A1, MRP4, Actb mRNA expression";"Delic et al., 2010, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20100858" "Testosterone";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"testosterone";"♀24%";"♀ yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"Similar reticulocytosis and anemia";"Wunderlich et al., 2005, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15788153" "TGF-b";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"BALB/c";"rTGF-b";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset";"Dose-dependent delay of mortality (2-3 weeks); ↓ serum TNF-a and IL-4; ↑serum IFN-g and IL-10";"Omer et al., 1998, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9653082" "TGF-b";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"BALB/c";"anti-TGF-b";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Earlier onset";"Earlier death (~ 1 week); ↑ serum TNF-a and similar IFN-g, IL-4 and IL-10";"Omer et al., 1998, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9653082" "TGF-b";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi A/J";"BALB/c";"anti-TGF-b";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No decline";"N.I.";"Omer et al., 1998, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9653082" "TGF-b";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"BALB/c Cr Slc";"anti-TGF-b";"yes";"20%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Slightly lower peak and spontaneous decline";"↑ serum IFN-g (day 7) and NO (day 10)";"Tsutsui et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10225888" "TGF-b";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/10 Sn Slc";"rTGF-b";"no";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No decline and increased";"↓ serum IFN-g (day 7) and NO (day 10); abrogated increase of Ly6A/E on CD4+ T cells and abrogated increase of MHC-II on CD11b+ cells in spleen";"Tsutsui et al., 1999, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10225888" "TGF-b";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"C57BL/6";"anti-TGF-b";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"↑ plasma IL-10 and similar plasma IFN-g and TNF-a";"Omer et al., 2003, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14607947" "TGF-b";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"BALB/c";"anti-TGF-b";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"No effect";"Omer et al., 1998, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9653082" "TGF-b/IL-10R";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"C57BL/6";"anti-TGF-b + anti-IL-10R";"yes";"60% (at the end of observation day 34)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Complete parasite clearance";"↑ plasma TNF-a and slightly ↑ plasma IFN-g";"Omer et al., 2003, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14607947" "TGF-b1";"Plasmodium berghei (N.I.)";"BALB/c";"rTGF-b1 (oral)";"yes";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar mortality";"Namangale et al., 2009, Jpn J Vet Res";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19827745" "TIRAP";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TIRAP -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "Tissue PA (tPA)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/Sv";"tPA -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Piguet et al., 2000, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10858190" "TLR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "TLR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (45%)";"Similar";"Similar serum IL-12p40, IFN-g and TNF-a; ↓ hemozoin clusters in brain vessels";"Coban et al., 2007, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17135446" "TLR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Similar thrombocytopenia, neutrophilia and anemia; ↑ lymphopenia";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "TLR2";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"TLR2 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar up-regulation of CD40, CD86 and MHC class II, similar production of TNF-a and IL-12p70, degradation of IkB-a and translocation of NF-kB to the nucleus after incubation of TLR2 -/- DCs with P. berghei or P. chabaudi schizonts; Similar increase of CD40, CD80 and CD86 on splenic DCs isolated from P. berghei-infected mice 6 days p.i. and P. chabaudi-infected mice 7 days p.i.";"Seixas et al., 2009, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19585512" "TLR2";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"TLR2 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar hypothermia and weight loss during peak parasitemia; resistant to a secondary infection; similar IgG1 and IgG2a levels; ↓ TNF-a and similar IFN-g and MCP-1 production by splenocytes 8 days p.i.; similar serum levels of TNF-a, IFN-g and MCP-1 8 day";"Franklin et al., 2007, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537666" "TLR2/4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR2/4 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "TLR2/4";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"129 x C57BL/6";"TLR2/4 -/-";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"Similar";"Similar serum IL-12 and liver injury";"Adachi et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11698470" "TLR2/4";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"N.I.";"TLR2/4 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Cramer et al., 2008, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692153" "TLR2/4/9";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"TLR2/4/9 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Similar CD8+CD62Llow and ↓ CD4+CD62Llow T cells in brain; similar ICAM-1 and CD31 in brain; similar IL-12p40 and IL-18 in serum";"Lepenies et al., 2008, Med Microbial Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17668237" "TLR2/4/9";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"N.I.";"TLR2/4/9 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar serum IL-12p40 and IL-18 6 days p.i.; ↑ number of CD62Llow+CD4+ and CD69+CD4+ T cells in the spleen 6 days p.i.; no difference in [3H]thymidine uptake upon stimulation of splenocytes with anti-CD3; similar production of IL-12p40, IFN-g and ↑ IL-10 after stimulation of splenocytes isolated 6 days p.i. with anti-CD3";"Cramer et al., 2008, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692153" "TLR3";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR3 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "TLR4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR4 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (85%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Coban et al., 2007, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17135446" "TLR4";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR4 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "TLR4";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"TLR4 -/-";"no";"25%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Decreased up-regulation of CD40, CD86 and MHC class II, decreased production of TNF-a and IL-12p70, no degradation of IkB-a and no translocation of NF-kB to the nucleus after incubation of TLR4 -/- DCs with P. berghei or P. chabaudi schizonts; Decreased expression of CD40, CD80 and CD86 on splenic DCs isolated from P. berghei-infected mice 6 days p.i. and P. chabaudi-infected mice 7 days p.i.";"Seixas et al., 2009, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19585512" "TLR4";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"TLR4 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar hypothermia and weight loss during peak parasitemia; similar TNF-a, IFN-g and MCP-1 production by splenocytes 8 days p.i.; similar serum levels of TNF-a, IFN-g and MCP-1 8 days p.i.";"Franklin et al., 2007, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537666" "TLR5";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR5 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (85%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Coban et al., 2007, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17135446" "TLR6";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR6 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "TLR6";"Plasmodium berghei NK65";"129/Sv x C57BL/6";"TLR6 -/-";"yes";"yes";"Liver pathology";"Liver pathology";"Similar";"Similar serum IL-12 and liver injury";"Adachi et al., 2001, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11698470" "TLR6";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"TLR6 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar hypothermia and weight loss during peak parasitemia; similar TNF-a, IFN-g and MCP-1 production by splenocytes 8 days p.i.; similar serum levels of TNF-a, IFN-g and MCP-1 8 days p.i.";"Franklin et al., 2007, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537666" "TLR7";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR7 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Coban et al., 2007, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17135446" "TLR7";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR7.tg (SLE-susceptible)";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (10%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (days); ↑ splenomegaly; ↓ number of brain microhemorrhages; no kidney inflammation";"Waisberg et al., 2010, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21187399" "TLR9";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR9 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (85%)";"CM (54%)";"Similar";"Similar serum IL-12p40 and IFN-g; ↓ serum TNF-a; ↓ hemozoin clusters in brain vessels";"Coban et al., 2007, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17135446" "TLR9";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TLR9 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"Similar";"Similar neurologic symptoms; similar ICAM-1 in brain; similar inflammation in lung; similar hemozoin deposition in liver";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "TLR9";"Plasmodium chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"TLR9 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Decreased up-regulation of CD40, CD86 and MHC class II, decreased production of TNF-a and IL-12p70, no degradation of IkB-a and no translocation of NF-kB to the nucleus after incubation of TLR9 -/- DCs with P. berghei or P. chabaudi schizonts; Decreased expression of CD40, CD80 and CD86 on splenic DCs isolated from P. berghei-infected mice 6 days p.i. and P. chabaudi-infected mice 7 days p.i.";"Seixas et al., 2009, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19585512" "TLR9";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"TLR9 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar hypothermia and weight loss during peak parasitemia; similar TNF-a and MCP-1 and ↓ IFN-g production by splenocytes 8 days p.i.; similar serum levels of TNF-a, IFN-g and MCP-1 8 days p.i.";"Franklin et al., 2007, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537666" "TLR9";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"C57BL/6";"TLR9 -/-";"94%";"50%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Variable";"Similar CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ (Treg) cells in spleen; no activation of Treg cells; ↑ CD62LlowCD69high and IFN-g+ CD4+ cells in spleen; CD4+ cells proliferated in response to pRBC";"Hisaeda et al., 2008, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18250459" "TLR9";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"N.I.";"TLR9 -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Cramer et al., 2008, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692153" "TLR9";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6";"TLR9 -/-";"no";"no";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hisaeda et al., 2008, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18250459" "TLR9/CD4";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"TLR9 -/- (C57BL/6)";"anti-CD4";"50%";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hisaeda et al., 2008, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18250459" "TLR9/IFN-g";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"TLR9 -/- (C57BL/6)";"anti-IFN-g";"50%";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"N.I.";"Hisaeda et al., 2008, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18250459" "TNF";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 408XZ";"C57BL/6J";"TNF -/-";"29%";"70%";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Increased peak and increased recrudescences";"↓ Hb levels on d4, d12 and d16 p.i.; similar blood glucose and lactate levels except on d7 p.i.; ↓ body temperature on d7, d12, d16 and d25 p.i.; similar body weights except on d4 p.i.";"Hernandez-Valladares et al., 2006, Exp Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16716303" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei (N.I.)";"C57BL/6";"TNF-a -/-";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar number of CD11c+ DC in the spleen; ↓ expression of MHC II, CD80 and CD86 by splenic CD11c+ DC; CD11c+ DC were better at initiation of proliferation of OTII T cells; ↑ IL-12 secreting DC in the spleen";"Wykes et al., 2007, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17785836" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"rHu-TNF-a or rMu-TNF-a";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"No neurological symptoms; no petechial hemorrhages or edema in brain; no monocytes adherence in cerebral vessels; developed hypoglycaemia and midzonal liver necrosis";"Clark et al., 1992, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1739126" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TNF-a -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"similar";"↓ serum NO3-; similar serum IFN-g, ↓ ICAM-1 and ↓ CR3+ leukocytes in the brain";"Engwerda et al., 2002, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12021316" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-TNF-a";"yes";"yes";"CM (79%)";"CM (6,6%)";"similar";"Prolonged survival (1-3 weeks); no neurological symptoms; no macrophage accumulation in brain; ↓ macrophage accumulation in spleen and lymph nodes; similar parasite-specific Ab response";"Grau et al., 1987, Science";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3306918" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"CBA/Ca";"anti-TNF-a";"yes";"N.I.";"CM (80%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↓ serum IL-6";"Grau et al., 1990, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2121890" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"N.I.";"TNF-a -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"N.I.";"Similar indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 mRNA expression in the brain";"Hansen et al., 2004, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15542091" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"TNF-a -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"Similar";"Similar neurologic symptoms; similar levels of [31P]-containing metabolites (phosphomonoesters (PME), inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphocreatinine (PCr), Pi:b-ATP, Pi:PCr) and ↑ levels (normal values) of b-ATP and PCr:PME in brain 6-7 days p.i.; ↓ GABA, and aspartate, ↑ glutamine and NAA, and similar alanine, lactate and glutamate metabolite pool sizes in brain (compared with uninfected TNF-a -/- mice); similar brain net flux of 13C from D-[1-13C]glucose into metabolic intermediates associated with Krebs cycle (↓ compared to uninfected TNF-a -/- mice), except for Asp C3 and Lac C3 which was not ↓ and Ala C3 which did not change upon infection";"Parekh et al., 2006, Int J Parasitol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16934816" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"anti-TNF-a";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar number of microparticles in plasma";"Piguet et al., 2002, Apoptosis";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11865192" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"TNF-a -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"similar";"Similar neurologic symptoms: similar ischemic brain damage, brain swelling, edema and vascular blood flow perturbations; no anemia (cfr. WT); similar perforin+CD8+, CD54+CD8+ and CD69+CD8+ T cells in brain; similar lung pathology and edema; similar thickening of alveolar septae";"Togbe et al., 2008, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612394" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"rHu-TNF-a (↑ dose)";"yes";"yes";"CM";"TNF toxicity";"N.I.";"Died 24 h after injection; hypothermia, brain petechial hemorrhages; ↑ kidney, lung and liver pathology";"Curfs et al., 1993, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8414666" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"rHu-TNF-a (↓ dose)";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"N.I.";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks); no neurological symptoms; no hypothermia; n=3";"Curfs et al., 1993, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8414666" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6J";"anti-TNF-a";"yes";"yes";"CM (96%)";"CM (96%)";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Hermsen et al., 1997, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9458469" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi adami 556KA";"CBA/CaH";"rHu-TNF-a";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Delayed onset and decreased peak";"N.I.";"Clark et al., 1987, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3119710" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"TNF-a -/-";"no";"no";"Anemia";"Anemia";"Similar";"Similar anemia, serum IFN-g and Ig titers; ↓ serum TNF-a";"Clark et al., 2007, Parasite Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17266742" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-TNF-a (Mab)";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar iNOS mRNA expression in spleen 7 days p.i.; partial ↓ NO3- levels in serum 7 days p.i.; ↓ spleen weight 7 days p.i.";"Jacobs et al. 1996, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8557372" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-TNF-a (PAb)";"no";"50%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Slightly delayed onset (1 day)";"N.I.";"Jacobs et al., 1996, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8550204" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"DBA/2";"anti-TNF-a";"70%";"20%";"Liver pathology";"No liverpathology";"Similar";"↓ liver apoptosis and necrosis; ↓ plasma AST and ALT; similar blood hemoglobin concentration";"Seixas et al., 2008, Parasitology";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18377697" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"DBA/2";"anti-TNF-a";"75%";"25%";"Liver pathology and severe anemia";"No liverpathology";"Similar";"↓ plasma AST, ↓ liver portal and central lobular vein necrosis, inhibition of hepatocyte programmed cell death; only the combination of free heme and TNF-a induced free radicals, lipid peroxidation products and apoptosis in hepatocytes in an in vitro assay which was reduced after treatment with anti-oxidantia (BHA, NAC) or by transduction of hepatocytes with an HO-1 expressing adenovirus";"Seixas et al., 2009, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19706490" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"rHuTNF-a";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"High doses of rHu-TNF-a resulted in 100 % mortality even at low parasitemia levels";"Stevenson et al., 1989, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2807555" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"A/J";"rHuTNF-a";"yes";"20%";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Spontaneous decline and clearance";"Resistant to secondary infection";"Stevenson et al., 1989, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2807555" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium vinckei (N.I.)";"C57BL/6";"TNF-a -/-";"yes";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar number of CD11c+ DC in the spleen;↓ expression of MHC II, CD80 and CD86 by splenic CD11c+ DC; similar initiation of proliferation of OTII T cells; ↑ IL-12 secreting DC in the spleen";"Wykes et al., 2007, J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17785836" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium vinckei vinckei";"CBA/Ca";"rHu-TNF-a or rMu-TNF-a";"yes";"yes";"HP&A";"HP&A";"N.I.";"No neurological symptoms; ↑ midzonal liver necrosis and hypoglycemia";"Clark et al., 1992, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1739126" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XL";"C57BL/6 x 129";"TNF-a -/-";"Lethality dependent on parasite dosis, no difference between WT and KO mice";"Lethality dependent on parasite dosis, no difference between WT and KO mice";"N.I.";"N.I.";"No clearance in 25 days";"N.I.";"Shear et al., 1998, Am J Trop Med Hyg";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9886187" "TNF-a";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"C57BL/6 x 129";"TNF-a -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak and delayed clearance";"N.I.";"Shear et al., 1998, Am J Trop Med Hyg";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9886187" "TNF-a/ IFN-g";"Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS";"C57BL/6";"anti-TNF-a + anti-IFN-g";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Increased peak";"↓ iNOS mRNA expression in spleen 7 days p.i.; ↓ NO3- levels in serum (synergy) 7 days p.i.; ↓ spleen weight 7 days p.i.";"Jacobs et al. 1996, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8557372" "TNF-a/ LT-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TNF-a -/- x LT-a -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (days); no neurological symptoms; ↓ serum NO3- and IFN-g; ↓ ICAM-1 and CR3+ leukocytes in the brain";"Engwerda et al., 2002, J Exp Med";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12021316" "TNF-a/ LT-a";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129/Sv/Ev x C57BL/6";"TNF-a -/- x LT-a -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"No CM";"similar";"Prolonged survival (1-2 weeks); no neurological symptoms; similar anemia; slightly ↑ leukocytosis; no leukocyte accumulation in brain; ↓ ICAM-1 + CD11b in brain; ↓ serum NO; ↓ IFN-g and no IL-12 , IL-10 and IL-4 mRNA expression in the brain; similar IFN-g, IL-12, IL-10 and no IL-4 mRNA expression in the spleen";"Rudin et al., 1997, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9006341" "TNFR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Tg + soluble TNFR1";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"CM (20-30% in high expressor mice); CM (100% in low expressor mice)";"similar";"Prolonged survival in high-expressor mice (~2 weeks); no neurological symptoms";"Garcia et al., 1995, Eur J Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7664802" "TNFR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"TNFR1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (78%)";"similar";"Similar neurologic symptoms; similar serum IFN-g, TNF-a and sTNFR2; similar ICAM-1 expression on endothelial cells and sequestering leukocytes in the brain; induction of ICAM-1 expression in MVEC through binding of membrane-bound mTNF-a (but not soluble mTNF or membrane-bound hTNF) with TNFR2";"Lucas et al., 1997, Eur J Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9247583" "TNFR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"TNFR1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (78%)";"similar";"Similar neurologic symptoms and lung pathology; similar serum IFN-g and TNF-a; similar ICAM-1 endothelial expression in brain and lung";"Lucas et al., 1997, J Neuroimmunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9042106" "TNFR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"TNFR1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"CM";"similar";"Similar TNF-a, CD40 and ICAM-1 in brain; ↓ vascular leakage in brain and lung; similar BBB breakdown, macrophage accumulation in brain, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hypothermia, edema, thrombocytopenia and lung weight; enlarged basement membrane of brain capillaries in KO mice";"Piguet et al., 2002, Lab Invest";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12218076" "TNFR1";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6J";"TNFR1 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"N.I.";"Similar neurologic symptoms";"Togbe et al., 2008, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612394" "TNFR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TNFR2 -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"ICAM-1 increased on d4 and similar on d6 in brain; increased on d4-6 in lungs";"Bauer et al., 2002, Microcirculation";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12483543" "TNFR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"TNFR2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (10%)";"similar";"Prolonged survival (weeks); no neurological symptoms; similar serum IFN-g, TNF-a and sTNFR1; no ↑ in ICAM-1 expression on brain endothelial cells; no sequestration of leukocytes in the brain; no induction of ICAM-1 expression in MVEC after stimulation with soluble or membrane-bound mTNF or membrane-bound hTNF";"Lucas et al., 1997, Eur J Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9247583" "TNFR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129";"TNFR2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (10%)";"similar";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks); no neurological symptoms; similar serum IFN-g and TNF-a; similar lung pathology;↓ ICAM-1 endothelial expression in brain and similar ICAM-1 in lungs";"Lucas et al., 1997, J Neuroimmunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9042106" "TNFR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TNFR2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM";"No CM";"similar";"No hypothermia, hyperglycemia or coma; ↓ vascular permeability in brain and lung; similar thrombocytopenia and lung weight; similar leukocyte sequestration in brain; ↓ macrophage accumulation and similar pRBC sequestration in alveolar capillaries; similar TNF-a, CD40 and ICAM-1 mRNA expression in brain and spleen; similar TNF-a, CD40 and ↓ ICAM-1 in lung; insulin sensitive (mice died of hypoglycemia after insulin injection)";"Piguet et al., 2002, Lab Invest";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12218076" "TNFR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TNFR2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (25%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks); no neurological symptoms; no platelet staining in brain";"Stoelcker et al., 2002, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12228317" "TNFR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TNFR2 -/-bone marrow cells";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (90%)";"Similar";"Similar neurologic symptoms";"Stoelcker et al., 2002, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12228317" "TNFR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"TNFR2 -/-";"WT bone marrow cells";"yes";"yes";"CM (25%)";"CM (50%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (2-3 weeks); no neurological symptoms";"Stoelcker et al., 2002, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12228317" "TNFR2";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TNFR2 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (10%)";"N.I.";"No neurologic symptoms";"Togbe et al., 2008, PLoS One";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18612394" "TRIF";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"129/Ola x C57BL/6";"TRIF -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (91%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Similar red blood cell and leukocyte sequestration in brain microvasculature; similar endothelial cell detachment; similar granzyme B, CCL3 and lipocalin-2 mRNA in brain; Similar serum IL-12p40, IFN-g and TNF-a";"Coban et al., 2007, Int Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17135446" "TRIF";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"TRIF -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"N.I.";"Togbe et al., 2007, Am J Pathol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456769" "TRIF";"Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL";"N.I.";"TRIF -/-";"no";"no";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar";"Similar serum IL-12p40 6 days p.i.";"Cramer et al., 2008, Microbes Infect";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18692153" "uPA receptor (uPAR, CD87)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/Sv";"uPAR -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (80%)";"CM (20%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~1 week) ; ↓ thrombocytopenia; slightly ↓ platelet life span (similar to noninfected uPAR -/- mice); slightly ↑ fibrinogen half-life; ↑ splenomegaly; no ↑ in lung weight; similar TNF-a mRNA in spleen, lung and brain; similar leakage of Evans Blue in brain and lung; ↓ platelet trapping in alveolar and brain capillaries; similar PMN, macrophage and pRBC sequestration in alveolar capillaries; similar mononuclear leukocytes in brain microvasculature";"Piguet et al., 2000, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10858190" "uPA receptor (uPAR, CD87)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/Sv";"uPAR -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"↑ splenomegaly; similar LN cellularity; no significant apoptosis in white pulp (spleen) and LN";"Piguet et al., 2001, Dev Immunol";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11785668" "Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA)";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6 x 129/Sv";"uPA -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (90%)";"CM (30%)";"Similar";"Prolonged survival (~1 week); ↓ thrombocytopenia";"Piguet et al., 2000, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10858190" "Va14+ NKT cell";"Plasmodium berghei ANKA";"C57BL/6";"Ja281 -/-";"yes";"yes";"CM (100%)";"CM (100%)";"Similar";"Delayed onset of disease symptoms (~ 2 days)";"Hansen et al., 2003, Immunity";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12648456" "Va14+ NKT cell";"Plasmodium berghei K173";"C57BL/6";"Ja281 -/-";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"N.I.";"Similar plasma IFN-g and splenic IFN-g mRNA expression 24h p.i.";"Mitchell et al., 2005, Infect Immun";"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16113282"